Nowadays, when we talk about the expansion of Islam or the famous Muslim kingdoms of medieval times, we usually refer to al-Andalus or the Middle East, but the importance of the Mohammedan kingdoms of sub-Saharan Africa for the crescent moon often goes unnoticed. The latter, however, will be the focus of this study, which will analyse the progressive expansion of this religion south of the Sahara and how this process influenced their societies from a political, social, religious, artistic and economic point of view. It will therefore give voice to the sub-Saharan world, in the form of an exposition of its past, which has most influenced its present, and how this Islam, far from replacing the pre-existing cultures, blended with them, giving rise to a peculiar way of living and practising this faith, which persists to this day, being the main distinguishing feature of these societies in the south of West Africa.