Antonio Tosta, Eduardo Coutinho

Brazil

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Ideal for high school and undergraduate students, this one-stop reference explores everything that makes up modern Brazil, including its geography, politics, pop culture, social media, daily life, and much more. Home to the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olympic Games-and one of the world's fastest-growing economies-Brazil is quickly becoming a prominent player on the international stage. This book captures the essence of the nation and its people in a unique, topically organized volume. Narrative chapters written by expert contributors examine geography, history, government and politics, economics, society, culture, and contemporary issues, making Brazil an ideal one-stop reference for high school and undergraduate students. Coverage on religion, ethnicity, marriage and sexuality, education, literature and drama, art and architecture, music and dance, food, leisure and sport, and media provides a comprehensive look at this giant South American country-the largest nation in Latin America as well as the fifth largest nation in the world. Students will be engaged by up-to-the-minute coverage of topics such as daily life, social media, and pop culture in Brazil. Sidebars and photos highlight interesting facts and people, while a glossary, a chart of holidays, and an annotated bibliography round out the work.

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Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: ABC-CLIO
• Seitenzahl: 442
• Erscheinungstermin: 31. Dezember 2015
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 260mm x 183mm x 28mm
• Gewicht: 1021g
• ISBN-13: 9781610692571
• ISBN-10: 1610692578
• Artikelnr.: 42093401

Autorenporträt

Antonio Luciano de Andrade Tosta, PhD, is assistant professor of Brazilian literature and culture at the University of Kansas. Eduardo F. Coutinho, PhD, is professor of comparative literature at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface
Introduction
1 Geography
Overview
The Northeast
Maranhão
Piauí
Ceará
Rio Grande do Norte
Paraíba
Pernambuco
Alagoas
Sergipe
Bahia
The North Region
Pará
Amazonas
Amapá
Roraima
Acre
Rondônia
Tocantins
The South Region
Paraná
Santa Catarina
Rio Grande do Sul
The Midwest Region
Mato Grosso
Mato Grosso do Sul
Goiás
Distrito Federal
The Southeast Region
Minas Gerais
Espírito Santo
Rio de Janeiro
São Paulo
2 History
Timeline of Events
Colonization and Early History
The Mature Colony
The Brazilian Empire (1822-1889)
The First Republic (1889-1930)
The Vargas Era (1930-1945) and the Second Republic
Military Dictatorship (1964-1985)
Democratic Brazil (1985-Present)
3 Government and Politics
Introduction: Consolidating a Young and Vibrant Democracy
History: From the Empire to the New Republic
The Empire
The Proclamation of the Republic
Getúlio Vargas and His Legacy
National Parties and Competitive Elections
Vargas Returns to Power as an Elected President
Developmentalism and the Creation of Brasília
The Political Crisis of the 1960s
Brazil's Military Dictatorship (1964-1985)
Democratization and a New Constitution
Government Today
A Multiparty Presidential Democracy in a Federative System
The Electoral System
Government Levels: The Federal Government
States
and Municipalities
Main Parties
Corruption
Foreign Relations
Conclusion
4 Economy
Introduction
Colonization: An Export-Led Economy
Industrialization
Democratization
Washington Consensus
Globalization
Development
Conclusion
5 Society
Religion and Thought
Religious Life
Moral Values
and Belief Systems in Brazil: An Overview
Native Brazilian Tribes and Nations
Catholicism
Protestantism
The Irmandades (Lay Brotherhoods)
Religious Syncretism
Judaism
Islam
The Religious Scenario in Brazil Today
Social Classes and Ethnicity
The Intersection of Class and Ethnicity in Contemporary Brazil
Colonization
The Post-Independence Period
The 1930s-1960s
Brazil after Re-Democratization
Gender
Marriage
and Sexuality
The Patriarchal Family
The 19th Century and the Sentimentalizing of the Family
Post-World War II Women: The Full-Time Mother
Divided and Multiplied: Nowadays Wonder-Women
Women Today
Education
Introduction
Organization of Brazilian Education: Structure and Functioning
Childhood Education
Elementary Education
Secondary Education or High School
University Education
Education Programs
Educational Policies in Brazil
Important Policies
Basic Education-Specific Programs Supported by the Ministry of Education
National Education Plan (PNE)
Democratic School Management in Brazilian Education
Principles of Participative School Management and Organization
Basic Education Financing: FNDE and FUNDEB
National Educational Development Fund (FNDE)
Basic Education Development Fund (FUNDEB)
Assessment of Basic Education According to MEC
Higher Education Expansion and Evaluation
REUNI
SINAES-Higher Education National Evaluation System
6 Culture
Language
Brazil: A Multilingual Country
Indigenous Languages
Immigrant Languages
History of Brazilian Portuguese
Portuguese around the World
The Different Portuguese Languages
Brazilian Portuguese Diversity
The Role of Brazil in Promoting Portuguese
Teaching of Portuguese Language as a Nonnative Language
Foreign-Language Education in Brazil
Portuguese on the Internet and Social Media
English and Brazilian Portuguese: Cognates and False Cognates
Family and Etiquette
Introduction
The First Brazilians
The Formation of the Brazilian Family
Taboo Matters
Extending the Family
Changing Roles
The Single-Parent Families
The Safe Port
Open Doors
Plentiful Tables
Solidarity within the Family
Families Getting Old
Family and Faith
The Fantasy of the Racial Democracy
Conclusion
Literature and Drama
First Manifestations
The Baroque and Arcadian Periods
Romanticism
The Realist Era
Machado de Assis
The Transition Phase: Symbolism and Impressionism
The Modernist Movement
João Guimarães Rosa
Clarice Lispector
The Modernist Legacy and Postmodernism
The Brazilian Drama
Art
Indigenous Arts of the Brazilian Region
Dutch Artistic Influence in Colonial Brazil
Baroque and Rococo: The 17th and 18th Centuries in Brazil
Nineteenth-Century Brazil: The French Mission and the Roots of Modernity
The Rise of the Modern: The 20th and 21st Centuries in Brazil
Architecture
Colonial Brazil
Civil Architecture
Religious Architecture
Military Architecture
Imperial Brazil
Neoclassical
The Republic of Brazil
Eclecticism
Art Nouveau
Art Deco
Modernism
Postmodernism
Contemporaneous
Music
Introduction
History and Geography: Some Background
Brazil-United States?
The Myth of the Three Races
Music Comes on the Scene
Sources and Technologies
Taking Brazilian Music Seriously
Concepts and Problems
Orchestras
Bands
and Ensembles
Entering the Ring: Batuques
Jongos
Sambas
and Umbigadas
. Still in the Ring: Afro-Brazilian Religions
Leaving the Ring: Capoeira
Maracatu
and the Boi
Music and Poetry
Discovering Indigenous Musics
The Arrival of Technology: Radio Programs
Cinema
and "Jazes
" The Strength of the Urban Music Scene: MPB
Rock
and Reggae
The Romantic Audience: Sertanejo
Vanerão
and Arrocha
Youth Audiences: Funk
Rap
Pagode
and Tecnobrega
Conclusion
Food
Brazilian Cuisine(s) and Its Origins
Brazilian Staple Food and Everyday Eating Habits
What's in the Brazilian Plate?
Rice and Beans
Meat
Poultry
Pork
Fish
and Shellfish
Fruits and Vegetables
Brazilian Regional Cuisine
Sharing a Meal
Leisure and Sports
Introduction
Indigenous Sporting Traditions
Martial Arts
Capoeira
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Modern Sports
European Influence
Soccer
Internationally Competitive Sports
Women and Sports
Spotlight on Brazilian Athletes
Recreational Sports/Games
Leisure
Cinema
Early Films
Cinema Novo
Cinema in the Late 20th Century
Post-Retomada Films
7 Contemporary Issues
Introduction
Abortion and Family Planning
Affirmative Action
Catholic Church
Drugs
Cannabis or Marijuana
Cocaine
Opiates
Hosting Big Events
Latin America
Nationalism in Brazil
Racism
Television as a Civil Society Group in Brazil
Brazil-Developing or Forever the "Country of the Future"?
Glossary
Facts and Figures
Major Brazilian Holidays and Festivals
Country-Related Organizations
Selected Bibliography
About the Editors and Contributors
Index