This book introduces the research on bridge maintenance and management system. Firstly, broadly related literature is reviewed to establish general knowledge in the field of bridge maintenance management. Data collection is subsequently carried out in both Vietnam and Japan throughout several common methods of visual inspection, personal interviews, published research and public media, information and database filed of bridge owners and their agencies, and so on. Data analysis is carefully conducted for the case of Vietnam to identify current physical and serviceable condition of existing bridges, to indicate shortcomings of maintenance management systems, and to finalize specific areas that should be improved or changed. Meanwhile, the author overviews current situation of existing bridges and their maintenance management system in Japan that is assumed much more better than those of Vietnam. Lessons learned from Japan can be applied into practice run Bridge Maintenance Management of Vietnam. At the end of this research, the author proposes several specific improvements for bridge maintenance management system in both Vietnam in both technical and social manners.