The book is a compilation of research papers by author. Scientific attitude of Buddha which will pave for achieving sustainable development has been discussed. Environmental conservation in Pali literature and approach adopted by the Ashoka for ecological conservation is presented. To mitigate environmental degradation by adopting Buddha's noble eight fold path was presented. Sanitation measures adopted in ancient Buddhist monasteries were explored. Influence of Kamma on environmental conservation in Buddhist vs. non-Buddhist countries was assessed.