This book is aimed at the readers who wish to gain a knowledge about forecasting as general and also for those who have some familiarity with basic forecasting knowledge, but the emphasis of this book, as shown by the title, is in building a deep knowledge about the differences between the statistical forecasting methods and artificial neural network (ANN) as one of machine learning forecasting methods. The scope of the book covers forecasting as general and business forecasting in particular.This book is intended also for students who need to have a fundamental knowledge about forecasting and also for students who need to have a deep knowledge about differences between various forecasting methods, especially in business forecasting.The scope of the subject is wide and I have chosen this topic which reflects my particular interests and concerns, and I have added some questions at the end of each chapter to help readers as general and students in particular to review the information which they have gained in each chapter before moving on to the next one.