Carbon materials are a wide family of ordered or disordered solids made mostly of elemental carbon, such as diamond, graphite, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. These materials have a diverse spectrum of structural configurations and characteristics, making them useful in a variety of scientific and industrial applications.Carbon compounds have extraordinary characteristics because to their unique atomic groupings and bonding configurations. These characteristics include excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, chemical stability, and customisable surface chemistry. Furthermore, carbon compounds have extraordinary adsorption properties, making them useful adsorbents for gas separation, water purification, and environmental remediation.