Each year, about 4 million deaths occur in the world to infants below the age of four weeks, the great majority of these newborn deaths occur in the first days, Early newborn deaths in many countries represent a substantial proportion of infant mortality, often over 30%, these early deaths and the severe sequelae that may develop in some of the babies who survive, can be greatly reduced through appropriate preventive, diagnostic or early therapeutic interventions, these interventions do not need sophisticated technology, On the contrary, neonatal care is an example of how short and simple interventions can achieve both immediate and long-term benefits.