Cartilage regeneration is one of the most challenging topics which is still not clearly acknowledged in the regenerative medicine field. Understanding numerous factors such as the structure and function of cartilage, common damage processes such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory process pathways within the joint, current problems in cartilage regeneration, available cartilage repair methods and impact of this problem on public is vital for finding a sustainable permanent solution to cartilage regeneration.