Long was I hugg'd close-long and long. Immense have been the preparations for me, Faithful and friendly the arms that have help'd me. Cycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like friendly boatmen. For room to me stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after what was to hold me. Before I was born out of my mother, generations guided me, My embryo has never been torpid, nothing could overlay it. -Walt Whitman, "Song of Myself" The womb is the seat of all mammalian life. In pregnancy, the uterus acquires this impor tance with the arrival of the fertilized egg, which…mehr
Long was I hugg'd close-long and long. Immense have been the preparations for me, Faithful and friendly the arms that have help'd me. Cycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like friendly boatmen. For room to me stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after what was to hold me. Before I was born out of my mother, generations guided me, My embryo has never been torpid, nothing could overlay it. -Walt Whitman, "Song of Myself" The womb is the seat of all mammalian life. In pregnancy, the uterus acquires this impor tance with the arrival of the fertilized egg, which takes up residence for periods ranging from about 2 weeks in the opossum to about 2 years in the elephant. The arrival of the embryo signals a crucial time for the establishment of pregnancy. For several days the blas tocyst remains free in the uterine lumen, where it depends on uterine secretions for its sur vival and differentiation. During this time, essential changes in the endometrium take place in preparation for attachment of the blastocyst and implantation. Early embryonic loss is an economic problem of global proportions in animal husbandry, where, in pigs and cattle for example, some 30% of all fertilizations fail to result in a pregnancy. In humans this figure may be even higher, and estimates of early spontaneous abortions range from 40 to 60% of all conceptions.
I: Perspectives.- 1 Viviparity.- I. Introduction.- II. Viviparity as a Reproductive Mechanism.- III. Adaptations for Ovoviviparity and Viviparity in Invertebrates.- IV. Adaptations for Viviparity in Fishes.- A. Elasmobranchs.- B. Teleosts.- C. Latimeria: The Living Coelacanth.- V. Amphibian Viviparity.- VI. Reptilian Viviparity.- VII. Adaptations for Viviparity in Mammals.- A. Monotremes (Prototheria).- B. Marsupials (Metatheria).- C. Eutheria.- VIII. The Corpus Luteum and the Establishment of Pregnancy.- IX. The Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy.- X. Immunological Transactions in Early Pregnancy.- References.- 2 My Life with Mammalian Eggs.- I. Introduction.- II. In Vitro Fertilization of Mammalian Eggs.- III. Storage and Transfer of Eggs.- IV. Interspecific Fertilization and Egg Transfer.- V. Effects of Steroids and Other Compounds on the Transportation and Development of Eggs.- VI Summary.- References.- II: Cell Biology of the Developing Egg.- 3 The Origin of Trophoblast and Its Role in Implantation.- I. Introduction.- II. The Trophectoderm Cell Lineage.- A. What Is Trophoblast?.- B. How and When Is the Trophectoderm Cell Lineage Established?.- III. The Role of the Trophectoderm Cell Lineage in Implantation.- A. Uterus-Trophectoderm-ICM Interactions.- B. Species Specificity of the Trophoblast-Uterine Interaction.- IV. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 4 The Generation and Recognition of Positional Information in the Preimplantation Mouse Embryo.- I. Introduction.- II. Asymmetries in the Oocyte.- III. Asymmetries at Fertilization.- IV. Asynmietries in Cleavage.- V. Compaction.- A. Description of Compaction.- B. Control of Compaction.- C. Consequences of Compaction for Blastocyst Formation.- 1. Cytochalasin D Treatment.- 2. Treatment with Antiserum to Embryonal Carcinoma Cells.- D. Mechanisms by Which Compaction Might Generate Positional Information during Blastocyst Formation.- VI. Summary and Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 5 Relationship between the Programs for Implantation and Trophoblast Differentiation.- I. Introduction.- II. What Is the Nature of Blastocyst Factors Involved in Implantation?.- III. What Is the Relationship between Implantation and Other Differentiative Events?.- IV. When Are Implantation-Related Gene Products Produced?.- V. Conclusions and Speculations.- Discussion.- References.- 6 Cellular and Genetic Analysis of Mouse Blastocyst Development.- I.Introduction.- II. Cell Determination during Early Mouse Embryogenesis.- A. Cell Determination in the Inner Cell Mass.- B. Cell Determination in the Primary Ectoderm.- III. Mutations at the a Locus Affecting Implantation.- A. Genetics.- B. Embryology.- 1. Histological Observations.- 2. Ultrastructural Observations.- 3. Experimental Observations.- IV. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- III: Macromolecular Synthesis in the Developing Egg.- 7 Mobilization of Genetic Information in the Early Rabbit Trophoblast.- I. Introduction.- II. Results and Discussion.- A. Unique-Sequence DNA Transcription.- B. Polysome Assembly and Ternary Complex Formation.- C. Cytoplasmic DNA.- D. RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase.- III. Summary.- Discussion.- References.- 8 Activity of RNA and DNA Polymerases in Delayed-Implanting Mouse Embryos.- I. Introduction.- II. Materials and Methods.- A. Preparation of Embryo Donors.- B. Radiolabeling of Embryos for the Determination of RNA Polymerase Activity.- C. Specific Activity of the [3H]-UTP Pools.- D. DNA Polymerase Assay.- E. Analysis of Data.- III. Results.- A. Specific Activities of the [3H]-UTP Pools.- B. Rate of Incorporation of [3H]Uridine into RNA.- C. RNA Polymerase Activity.- D. DNA Polymerase Activity.- IV. Summary.- Discussion.- References.- 9 A Reexamination of Messenger RNA Populations in the Preimplantation Mouse Embryo.- I. Introduction.- II. Materials and Methods.- III. Results and Discussion.- A. mRNA in the Morula-Blastocyst Transition Period.- B. Stable mRNA and Posttranscriptional Control in Early Cleavage.
I: Perspectives.- 1 Viviparity.- I. Introduction.- II. Viviparity as a Reproductive Mechanism.- III. Adaptations for Ovoviviparity and Viviparity in Invertebrates.- IV. Adaptations for Viviparity in Fishes.- A. Elasmobranchs.- B. Teleosts.- C. Latimeria: The Living Coelacanth.- V. Amphibian Viviparity.- VI. Reptilian Viviparity.- VII. Adaptations for Viviparity in Mammals.- A. Monotremes (Prototheria).- B. Marsupials (Metatheria).- C. Eutheria.- VIII. The Corpus Luteum and the Establishment of Pregnancy.- IX. The Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy.- X. Immunological Transactions in Early Pregnancy.- References.- 2 My Life with Mammalian Eggs.- I. Introduction.- II. In Vitro Fertilization of Mammalian Eggs.- III. Storage and Transfer of Eggs.- IV. Interspecific Fertilization and Egg Transfer.- V. Effects of Steroids and Other Compounds on the Transportation and Development of Eggs.- VI Summary.- References.- II: Cell Biology of the Developing Egg.- 3 The Origin of Trophoblast and Its Role in Implantation.- I. Introduction.- II. The Trophectoderm Cell Lineage.- A. What Is Trophoblast?.- B. How and When Is the Trophectoderm Cell Lineage Established?.- III. The Role of the Trophectoderm Cell Lineage in Implantation.- A. Uterus-Trophectoderm-ICM Interactions.- B. Species Specificity of the Trophoblast-Uterine Interaction.- IV. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 4 The Generation and Recognition of Positional Information in the Preimplantation Mouse Embryo.- I. Introduction.- II. Asymmetries in the Oocyte.- III. Asymmetries at Fertilization.- IV. Asynmietries in Cleavage.- V. Compaction.- A. Description of Compaction.- B. Control of Compaction.- C. Consequences of Compaction for Blastocyst Formation.- 1. Cytochalasin D Treatment.- 2. Treatment with Antiserum to Embryonal Carcinoma Cells.- D. Mechanisms by Which Compaction Might Generate Positional Information during Blastocyst Formation.- VI. Summary and Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- 5 Relationship between the Programs for Implantation and Trophoblast Differentiation.- I. Introduction.- II. What Is the Nature of Blastocyst Factors Involved in Implantation?.- III. What Is the Relationship between Implantation and Other Differentiative Events?.- IV. When Are Implantation-Related Gene Products Produced?.- V. Conclusions and Speculations.- Discussion.- References.- 6 Cellular and Genetic Analysis of Mouse Blastocyst Development.- I.Introduction.- II. Cell Determination during Early Mouse Embryogenesis.- A. Cell Determination in the Inner Cell Mass.- B. Cell Determination in the Primary Ectoderm.- III. Mutations at the a Locus Affecting Implantation.- A. Genetics.- B. Embryology.- 1. Histological Observations.- 2. Ultrastructural Observations.- 3. Experimental Observations.- IV. Conclusions.- Discussion.- References.- III: Macromolecular Synthesis in the Developing Egg.- 7 Mobilization of Genetic Information in the Early Rabbit Trophoblast.- I. Introduction.- II. Results and Discussion.- A. Unique-Sequence DNA Transcription.- B. Polysome Assembly and Ternary Complex Formation.- C. Cytoplasmic DNA.- D. RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase.- III. Summary.- Discussion.- References.- 8 Activity of RNA and DNA Polymerases in Delayed-Implanting Mouse Embryos.- I. Introduction.- II. Materials and Methods.- A. Preparation of Embryo Donors.- B. Radiolabeling of Embryos for the Determination of RNA Polymerase Activity.- C. Specific Activity of the [3H]-UTP Pools.- D. DNA Polymerase Assay.- E. Analysis of Data.- III. Results.- A. Specific Activities of the [3H]-UTP Pools.- B. Rate of Incorporation of [3H]Uridine into RNA.- C. RNA Polymerase Activity.- D. DNA Polymerase Activity.- IV. Summary.- Discussion.- References.- 9 A Reexamination of Messenger RNA Populations in the Preimplantation Mouse Embryo.- I. Introduction.- II. Materials and Methods.- III. Results and Discussion.- A. mRNA in the Morula-Blastocyst Transition Period.- B. Stable mRNA and Posttranscriptional Control in Early Cleavage.
Es gelten unsere Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen: www.buecher.de/agb
Impressum
www.buecher.de ist ein Shop der buecher.de GmbH & Co. KG Bürgermeister-Wegele-Str. 12, 86167 Augsburg Amtsgericht Augsburg HRA 13309