Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging tool that provides excellent soft tissue contrast with submillimeter spatial resolution. However, its potential of therapeutic interventions and diagnostic applications can be limited by the low sensitivities in detecting cellular, molecular and metabolic changes. Development of novel MR contrast agents with desired targeting or drug delivery capabilities for cellular and molecular imaging may be beneficial for higher sensitivity and specificity. Spectroscopic imaging at high-field MRI may be advantageous in identifying and quantifying metabolic changes with increased signal-to-noise ratio and spectral resolution. In this book, novel techniques for cellular, molecular and metabolic MRI are investigated and demonstrated to be valuable in various applications.