Cellulose containing metals attract the attention of both scientists and businessmen owing to their wide applications such as ii medical products, catalytic materials, protective textiles, and electronic devices. The current book summarized more than 100 recent reports for the interaction of cellulose with metal-based materials including metal slats, metal complexes, and metal nanoparticles. This book was focused on the interaction techniques (ion exchange, complexation, dissolution, ex-situ deposition, and in-situ deposition) with cellulosic materials, as well as the applications of the final products were included as functional cellulose.