Table of contents:
Preface. Introduction. Composites and multiphase materials. Properties and requirements. Components of composite materials. General description of composite materials; Classifications; Composites with dispersion strengthening; Grain-reinforced (particulate) composites; Fibre-reinforced composites; Laminated composites. Structure of composite materials. Models and theories. References.
Concrete-like composites - main kinds. Definitions and classifications. Main types of concrete-like composites. References.
Components of cement based matrices. Cements and other binders. Aggregates and fillers; Kinds of aggregates; Properties of aggregates; Lightweight aggregates; Fillers; Aggregate grading. Concrete admixtures; Kinds of admixtures; Accelerators; Set-retarders; Plasticizers; Superplasticizers; Air-entrainers; Water repellants; Admixtures decreasing permeability; Pozzolans and inert mineral admixtures; Other admxitures. References.
Reinforcement of cement based composites. General remarks. Asbestos fibres. Glass fibres. Steel fibres. Metallic glass ribbons. Polymeric fibres. Carbon fibres. Natural vegetal fibres. Textile reinforcement. References.
Structure of cement composites. Elements and types of structure. Methods of observation and representation of material structures. Micro-structure of cement paste. Structure built of aggregate grains. Structure of pores and voids; Porosity of cement paste; Porosity and strength. Structure of fibres. Types of structures; Structures composed of short fibres. References.
Interfaces. Kinds of interfaces. Aggregate-cement paste interface. Fibre-cement paste interface. Interface between old and new composites.
Strength and deformability under short term static load. Models for unreinforced matrices. Strength and destruction of brittle matrices. Fibres in uncracked matrix. Fibre- reinforced matrices as two-phase composites. Pull-out of fibres from brittle matrices; General remarks; Steel chopped fibres; Other fibres; Influence of the fibre-matrix bond on the composites behaviour. Influence of fibre orientation on the cracking and fracture in brittle matrix composites; Introduction and review of present knowledge; Objectives of reinforcement and principal fracture mechanims; Comparison of theoretical and experimental results for unnotched specimens; Tests of notched specimens. References.
Cracking in cement matrices and propagation of cracks. Classification of cracks. Cracks in the matrix, in aggregate grains and in the interface. Dimensions and positions of cracks. Single and multiple cracking. Modelling of cracking. Consequences of cracking. Healing of cracks. References.
Fracture and failure of materials' structures. Application of fracture mechanics of cement matrices; Principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM); Role of dispersed reinforcement after cracking of the matrix; Application of fracture mechanics to elasto-plastic materials. Cement matrix composites under various states of loading; Role of components; Fracture under compression; Fracture under direct tension; Fracture under bending. Fracture energy and fracture toughness; Work of fracture; Quantitative description of fracture toughness; Influence of testing conditions; Material brittleness. Modes of fracture; Mixed-mode fracture; Quatitative determination of mixed-mode fracture. Relationship between fracture toughness and fractal dimension in concretes.
Behaviour of cement matrix composites in various service conditions. Loads and actions. Behaviour under dynamic loads; Rates of loading; Impact of strength and influence of the rate of loading. Fatigue; Factors and effects; Fatigue under cyclic loading. Long-term behaviour and ageing; General remarks; Shrinkage and creep; Strength under sustained load. Durability; Definition and importance of durability; Performance of a structure and its variation with time;
This book considers the properties and behaviour of cement-based materials from the point of view of composite science and technology. It deals particularly with newer forms of cement-based materials and also with a composite approach to conventional materials and their special properties. Emphasis is put on non-conventional reinforcement and design methods, problems at interfaces in the materials and on durability of structures made with them.
This book considers the properties and behaviour of cement-based materials from the point of view of composite science and technology. It deals particularly with newer forms of cement-based materials and also with a composite approach to conventional materials and their special properties. Emphasis is put on non-conventional reinforcement and design methods, problems at interfaces in the materials and on durability of structures made with them.
Preface. Introduction. Composites and multiphase materials. Properties and requirements. Components of composite materials. General description of composite materials; Classifications; Composites with dispersion strengthening; Grain-reinforced (particulate) composites; Fibre-reinforced composites; Laminated composites. Structure of composite materials. Models and theories. References.
Concrete-like composites - main kinds. Definitions and classifications. Main types of concrete-like composites. References.
Components of cement based matrices. Cements and other binders. Aggregates and fillers; Kinds of aggregates; Properties of aggregates; Lightweight aggregates; Fillers; Aggregate grading. Concrete admixtures; Kinds of admixtures; Accelerators; Set-retarders; Plasticizers; Superplasticizers; Air-entrainers; Water repellants; Admixtures decreasing permeability; Pozzolans and inert mineral admixtures; Other admxitures. References.
Reinforcement of cement based composites. General remarks. Asbestos fibres. Glass fibres. Steel fibres. Metallic glass ribbons. Polymeric fibres. Carbon fibres. Natural vegetal fibres. Textile reinforcement. References.
Structure of cement composites. Elements and types of structure. Methods of observation and representation of material structures. Micro-structure of cement paste. Structure built of aggregate grains. Structure of pores and voids; Porosity of cement paste; Porosity and strength. Structure of fibres. Types of structures; Structures composed of short fibres. References.
Interfaces. Kinds of interfaces. Aggregate-cement paste interface. Fibre-cement paste interface. Interface between old and new composites.
Strength and deformability under short term static load. Models for unreinforced matrices. Strength and destruction of brittle matrices. Fibres in uncracked matrix. Fibre- reinforced matrices as two-phase composites. Pull-out of fibres from brittle matrices; General remarks; Steel chopped fibres; Other fibres; Influence of the fibre-matrix bond on the composites behaviour. Influence of fibre orientation on the cracking and fracture in brittle matrix composites; Introduction and review of present knowledge; Objectives of reinforcement and principal fracture mechanims; Comparison of theoretical and experimental results for unnotched specimens; Tests of notched specimens. References.
Cracking in cement matrices and propagation of cracks. Classification of cracks. Cracks in the matrix, in aggregate grains and in the interface. Dimensions and positions of cracks. Single and multiple cracking. Modelling of cracking. Consequences of cracking. Healing of cracks. References.
Fracture and failure of materials' structures. Application of fracture mechanics of cement matrices; Principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM); Role of dispersed reinforcement after cracking of the matrix; Application of fracture mechanics to elasto-plastic materials. Cement matrix composites under various states of loading; Role of components; Fracture under compression; Fracture under direct tension; Fracture under bending. Fracture energy and fracture toughness; Work of fracture; Quantitative description of fracture toughness; Influence of testing conditions; Material brittleness. Modes of fracture; Mixed-mode fracture; Quatitative determination of mixed-mode fracture. Relationship between fracture toughness and fractal dimension in concretes.
Behaviour of cement matrix composites in various service conditions. Loads and actions. Behaviour under dynamic loads; Rates of loading; Impact of strength and influence of the rate of loading. Fatigue; Factors and effects; Fatigue under cyclic loading. Long-term behaviour and ageing; General remarks; Shrinkage and creep; Strength under sustained load. Durability; Definition and importance of durability; Performance of a structure and its variation with time;
This book considers the properties and behaviour of cement-based materials from the point of view of composite science and technology. It deals particularly with newer forms of cement-based materials and also with a composite approach to conventional materials and their special properties. Emphasis is put on non-conventional reinforcement and design methods, problems at interfaces in the materials and on durability of structures made with them.
This book considers the properties and behaviour of cement-based materials from the point of view of composite science and technology. It deals particularly with newer forms of cement-based materials and also with a composite approach to conventional materials and their special properties. Emphasis is put on non-conventional reinforcement and design methods, problems at interfaces in the materials and on durability of structures made with them.