Ethiopian federalism has brought a remarkable achievement particularly in empowering and recognizing minority nationalities as building blocks of Ethiopian nationals. Understanding the past regimes short coming towards minority nationalities, the FDRE constitution come with special favors as regards their representation and the right to use and learn in their own vernacular language in par with other NNPs. However, in spite of its remarkable achievement the Ethiopian federalism did not escape from some sorts of challenges especially associated with minority nationalities.in case of Irob people economic problems, human resource tribulations and promoting the woreda into special woreda (nationality woreda) are the core challenges of Irob people to fully practice their cultural, linguistic and self governance rights as minority nationalities.