This book presents a comprehensive study on membrane fouling in complex multi-component industrial feed streams like sugarcane juice ultrafiltration. Membrane fouling is an integral part of membrane processes which often becomes worst in presence of protein and polysaccharides. A high flux low fouling membrane for any application always received attention from the scientific research point. A step wise approach to the challenge has been exemplified staring from initial feed characterization and selection, membrane screening from commercially available ones, characterization of membrane fouling and fouling mechanism analysis using models, identification of membrane fouling components, membrane cleaning protocol development and approach to reduce fouling by membrane surface modification. Applications of advanced analytical tools made the work simple. Readers may find the work interesting particularly those who are working with multi-component feed streams and dealing with membrane fouling.