The effect of phytoplasmas in Protea plant species found in South Africa. This book looks at the identification and caharaterization of Protea Witches' Broom Phytoplasma, from transmission vectors, infected plant material, and analysis using molecular techniques. Phytoplasmal infected material from a Protea plant was grafted into healthy crops, to observe the impact of Protea Witches' Broom (PWB) phytoplasma on the crops. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique was used to identify the presence of phytoplasmas in the Protea plant.