This monograph offers an in-depth examination of the chemistry and industrial applications of acetone and its derivatives, positioning itself as a crucial resource for both professionals in the field and students of chemistry. The work begins with an exploration of the global acetone market, detailing the major producers and tracing the historical development of acetone. It provides a comprehensive analysis of various production methods, including the extraction of acetone from calcium acetate, production via acetic acid, the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation process, and synthesis from acetylene. The hydration of acetylene, the cumene process, industrial methods involving benzene and carbon dioxide, extraction from isopropanol, and the Kovalevsky reaction are also meticulously covered. Overall, this monograph serves as a comprehensive guide to the chemistry of acetone, offering valuable insights into its production, properties, and applications within both industrial and academic contexts.