Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) have become a problem of unparalleled proportion in the world today. It is estimated that there are about 250 millions orphans globally.The Sub-Saharan Africa has 14 million AIDS Orphans of whom 1.7 million live in Kenya. To alleviate this orphan problem, many initiatives have been started. This book is about institutionalised childcare, from an African context, in the face of HIV/AIDS. The work is borne of a Collaborative Action Research study carried out over a period of two years.Part of the work was submitted as MA Dissertation. The book will be useful to; scholars interested in Action Research; policy makers on child welfare;donors and stakeholders in childcare institutions; guardians and families with orphans; community based organisations and other community members who are keen on controlling their own development agenda and general practitioners in the field of family relations, child welfare and HIV/AIDS.