Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopaedic surgery. The importance of chitosan and its derivatives and calcium phosphates has grown significantly over the last two decades due to its renewable and biodegradable source, increasing in the knowledge of its functionality in the technological and biomedical applications. The properties of bone in health and disease attract much attention. With an ever greater proportion of the population need those medical devices for hard tissue regeneration and/or replacement, making the pressure on the health systems in all countries. Ageing, diseases, fractures and demineralization are musculoskeletal disorder, which contribute and improve the suitability and developments of new materials and methods in hard tissue engineering. The excellent biocompatibility, biofunctionality, and non-antigenic property make those materials a good choice for hard tissue regeneration.