This book was specifically inspired by the increasing need for the development and application of innovative approaches to the holistic understanding of water resources' issues due to climatic shocks and consequent effects on related ecosystems. The book constitutes methodologies that were anchored in the regional risk assessment framework and applied relevant DSS tool and techniques to seek solutions to the most pressing policy related questions, such as what will be the magnitude of potential climate change impacts on regional groundwater resources? What consequences will climate related impacts on groundwater have on dependent ecosystems? How do present DSSs related methodologies and techniques support the assessment and management of climate change impacts? How does the spatial mapping of climate change induced consequences support regional adaptation planning for vital ecosystems? How can the social dynamics in regional climate change adaptation project be conceptualized in order to better influence the definition of robust adaptation policy? Accordingly, the book developed and applied methodologies and concepts that include interdisciplinary approach to these questions.