Textile and sugar are the two main primary export commodities in Ethiopia, to which cotton and sugarcane are the key inputs, respectively. Climate change poses risk on the production of these two commodities and thereby affects the export earning of the country and the welfare of the different actors along the value chain. This book, thus, tries to provide how to build a climate resilient production of these two commodities. Climate modelling study shows that there will be increase in mean annual temperature and overall decrease in mean annual precipitation in cotton and sugarcane producing regions of Ethiopia. Agronomic implication of the findings and value chain analysis were made, followed by vulnerability analyze. Then, the productivity and welfare impacts were done. The findings of all these studies are used to analyze and identify strategy options to build a resilient production of the two agricultural export commodities.