This study presents Conservation Units as part of the instruments of the National Environmental Policy. In this sense, the aim of the work is to analyse the actions of those involved in the socio-environmental management process of the Cururupu Marine Extractive Reserve, based on the methodological approach of Historical-Dialectical Materialism. In order to carry out the research, methodological procedures were developed. Faced with the problem of the failure to finalise the Management Plan, the Cururupu Extractive Reserve has a Management Agreement that preliminarily indicates the activities and prohibitions on the use of the natural resources available in the area. It also has its own management system, such as: the Cururupu Marine Extractive Reserve Residents' Association; the Green Group with the "Clean Community" project and actions by residents prior to these legal provisions who acted in defence of the preservation of the area's natural resources.