In recent years, climate change and its impacts on livelihood resource have become a key issue in Ethiopia and worldwide. The main undesirable impacts on livelihood resources include land and soil degradation, deforestation, loss of bio diversity, recurrent drought, flood, wet land and water body drying and pollution, and emergence of new crop and animal diseases. All these contribute to food insecurity and subsistence farming with a difficulty to break through the poverty trap. Thus this book has attempted to examine how community based watershed development project has a significant impact to reverse the aforementioned undesirable impacts; and will contribute to the development of climate change adaptation mechanisms, adaptive capacity, and livelihood improvements. Currently livelihood security and climate change adaptation is a prime objective of the country as well in the world; as a result, a lot of effort has been implemented to achieve it. Community based watershed development project is one of these parts while such intervention project exists; it was not properly evaluated and documented to draw lessons. This book has made the objective of assessing the positive impact