This book analyses the comparative efficiency of local electricity distributors in Italy using both econometric (deterministic and stochastic frontiers) and linear programming (Data Envelopment Analysis) techniques. Cross-sectional data are examined for ENEL, the former electricity monopolist, and for a sample of municipal authorities ("MUNIs"). Econometric estimation results highlight non-exhaustion of scale economies at sample mean values. The analysis fails to spot any systematic efficiency outperformance of ENEL's units vis-à-vis municipal distributors. ENEL's local units tend to outperform MUNIs in metropolitan and, sometimes, rural areas. MUNIs tend to outperform ENEL in medium-sized, Northern jurisdictions, probably as a result of different economic and structural regional realities.