The awareness of the importance of human resources as the true wealth of an organization is translated at the national level by the organization of a quality education likely to produce competent people, useful to society and capable of adapting to the changes that are taking place. At the level of organizations, this awareness is manifested through the importance and seriousness they give to their management, which is always more rational. The Congolese public administration is taken care of by the public treasury, planning is approximate (especially at the provincial level) while private companies are required to produce results to ensure their future. Does the security situation that characterizes the public administration lead the latter to develop lax practices in human resources management? Based on social and cognitive behaviorism, the study seeks, in the Congolese context (weakness of public opinion, control, etc.) to shed light on HRM practices in DRCongo.