This book covers recent advance level researches in semiconductor nanomaterials fabrication, their characterization and significance in the field of Photovoltaic, optoelectronic and Semiconductor device applications. This manuscript is composed of different semiconductor nanomaterials including Zinc Oxide, Cadmium Sulfide, Cadmium Telluride, Zinc Telluride and Zinc Selenide. Their compatible importance in the field of renewable energy is also discussed.