The monograph contains an analysis of the features of assessing the competitiveness of the fuel and energy complex as an element of the infrastructure of the regional economy, trends in the development of the fuel and energy complex, the criteria and indicators of its competitiveness. The ways of rationalization of fuel and energy balance structure and increase of energy efficiency of production are studied. Ways of rationalization of gas, heat and power supply system of cities in conditions of liquidation of the state monopoly are offered. Various statistical data are presented. Indicators of economic development of Russia in the field of further fuel and energy complex formation, including the period of deep economic crisis, are given. The publication is intended for teachers, postgraduate students, specialists in the field of energy and economics, as well as for readers interested in the problems of regional energy policy.