Drawing on a range of theoretical approaches from across the social sciences, this book contends that society, culture, and economy are emergent from social and environmental transaction and negotiation. With each transaction comes renegotiation, however small, and thus the continuous reconstruction of society in the specious present, with practices, beliefs and traditions becoming part of the accepted canon of a group through continual renegotiation, and deviations from the canon being managed through narrative.
Drawing on a range of theoretical approaches from across the social sciences, this book contends that society, culture, and economy are emergent from social and environmental transaction and negotiation. With each transaction comes renegotiation, however small, and thus the continuous reconstruction of society in the specious present, with practices, beliefs and traditions becoming part of the accepted canon of a group through continual renegotiation, and deviations from the canon being managed through narrative.
Thomas B. Whalen is Assistant Professor of Business in the Business and Economics Department at Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, USA.
Inhaltsangabe
List of Tables List of Figures Preface. Why Do We Need Another Social Theory? Acknowledgments Chapter 1. An invitation to a social journey Where Have We Been? What is the Question? Where am I Taking You? Overview of the Book Part I: Laying the Foundation Chapter 2. Philosophy of Science The Validity of Social Science Explaining Human Experience Critical Realism Chapter 3. A Rubric for Evaluating Social Theory The Epistemological Continuum Objectivism Subjectivism Critical Realism Constructionism The Ontological Continuum The Applicability Continuum Agency Interaction System Structure Plausibility Mechanism My Assumptions Chapter 4. Scientific Method and Theory Scientific Paradigms Theoretical Methods Thought Experiments Chapter 5. Other Building Blocks Limitations Initial Definitions Culture Adaptation versus Evolution Ethics and Morality Chapter 6. Situating the Theory Reflective Human Consciousness Consciousness as Emergent Process Awareness and Self-awareness Consciousness and Temporality Reflection Sociality The Unity of Conscious Experience Human Experience Initial Mediations Socially Constructed Mediations The Environment Situating the Theory Part II. Developing a Theory of Social Ontology Chapter 7. Complex Adaptive Systems Nonadaptive versus Adaptive Systems Chaos Theory Dissipative Structures Complex Adaptive and Nonadaptive Systems Complex Adaptive Systems Chapter 8. Emergence Theory Defining Emergence Mead's Emergence Theory Social Phenomena as Emergents Complexity-Based Emergence Theory Chapter 9. Applicable Social Theory Mead and Social Interaction Self and Mind Past Experience and Contemplation of the Future Giddens and Structuration Needs and Motivation Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Chapter 10. Dewey and Bentley's Transactional Approach Emirbayer and relational sociology Chapter 11. Negotiation Negotiated Order Theory and Game Theory Negotiation Game Theory John Nash Thomas Schelling Cooperation v. Non-cooperation Folk theorem Negotiated Order Theory Chapter 12. Meaning Meaning Making Language and Symbols Definitions Peirce Signs and Semeiotics Mead and the Significant Symbol Ricoeur's Interpretation Theory Narrative and Meaning as Social Canon Chapter 13. Environmental Considerations Ecological Anthropology Ecological Psychology Chapter 14. A Theory of Social Ontology A General Social Theory Complex Adaptive Systems Repositioned Adding Social Transaction Adding Negotiation and Emergence Meaning and Negotiation Structuration Narrative and Folk Psychology A Thought Experiment Chapter 15. Applying the Theory in the Practical World The Theory's Relationship to Social Systems and Structure Explaining Social Power Implications for Culture Study Ontological Implications in Economic Theory Rules and Rule Making The Golden Rule and Reciprocity Social Contract Theory The Relationship to Political Organization Ontological Implications in Moral Philosophy Moral Realism Moral Relativism Implications for Moral Philosophy Chapter 16. Conclusions and Further Research Significance for Leadership and Management Further Research Closing Thoughts References Index
List of Tables List of Figures Preface. Why Do We Need Another Social Theory? Acknowledgments Chapter 1. An invitation to a social journey Where Have We Been? What is the Question? Where am I Taking You? Overview of the Book Part I: Laying the Foundation Chapter 2. Philosophy of Science The Validity of Social Science Explaining Human Experience Critical Realism Chapter 3. A Rubric for Evaluating Social Theory The Epistemological Continuum Objectivism Subjectivism Critical Realism Constructionism The Ontological Continuum The Applicability Continuum Agency Interaction System Structure Plausibility Mechanism My Assumptions Chapter 4. Scientific Method and Theory Scientific Paradigms Theoretical Methods Thought Experiments Chapter 5. Other Building Blocks Limitations Initial Definitions Culture Adaptation versus Evolution Ethics and Morality Chapter 6. Situating the Theory Reflective Human Consciousness Consciousness as Emergent Process Awareness and Self-awareness Consciousness and Temporality Reflection Sociality The Unity of Conscious Experience Human Experience Initial Mediations Socially Constructed Mediations The Environment Situating the Theory Part II. Developing a Theory of Social Ontology Chapter 7. Complex Adaptive Systems Nonadaptive versus Adaptive Systems Chaos Theory Dissipative Structures Complex Adaptive and Nonadaptive Systems Complex Adaptive Systems Chapter 8. Emergence Theory Defining Emergence Mead's Emergence Theory Social Phenomena as Emergents Complexity-Based Emergence Theory Chapter 9. Applicable Social Theory Mead and Social Interaction Self and Mind Past Experience and Contemplation of the Future Giddens and Structuration Needs and Motivation Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Chapter 10. Dewey and Bentley's Transactional Approach Emirbayer and relational sociology Chapter 11. Negotiation Negotiated Order Theory and Game Theory Negotiation Game Theory John Nash Thomas Schelling Cooperation v. Non-cooperation Folk theorem Negotiated Order Theory Chapter 12. Meaning Meaning Making Language and Symbols Definitions Peirce Signs and Semeiotics Mead and the Significant Symbol Ricoeur's Interpretation Theory Narrative and Meaning as Social Canon Chapter 13. Environmental Considerations Ecological Anthropology Ecological Psychology Chapter 14. A Theory of Social Ontology A General Social Theory Complex Adaptive Systems Repositioned Adding Social Transaction Adding Negotiation and Emergence Meaning and Negotiation Structuration Narrative and Folk Psychology A Thought Experiment Chapter 15. Applying the Theory in the Practical World The Theory's Relationship to Social Systems and Structure Explaining Social Power Implications for Culture Study Ontological Implications in Economic Theory Rules and Rule Making The Golden Rule and Reciprocity Social Contract Theory The Relationship to Political Organization Ontological Implications in Moral Philosophy Moral Realism Moral Relativism Implications for Moral Philosophy Chapter 16. Conclusions and Further Research Significance for Leadership and Management Further Research Closing Thoughts References Index
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