Tooth related factors that contribute to EGD include: dentoalveolar extrusion and altered passive eruption (APE). Dentoalveolar extrusion will present with anterior teeth that possess a curved or concave gingival line in relation to the horizon (Robbins, 1999). This condition can affect any teeth in the mouth and can be caused by: teeth supraeruption secondary to incisal wear, supraeruption secondary to lack of opposing teeth, anterior teeth without appropriate opposing contact, or due to a developmental cant. Treatment options for dentoalveolar extrusion include: functional crown lengthening surgery, orthodontic intrusion-via temporary anchorage devices or surgically facilitated orthodontics-and the teeth are then restored at an appropriate incisal edge position. To fully explain the definition of APE, first passive eruption must be defined.
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