A practical, clinical introduction to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for trainees and non-experts in a wide array of healthcare disciplines. Outlining the basic physiological principles and offering a step-by-step approach to conducting and interpreting a CPET, together with case studies to consolidate learning.
A practical, clinical introduction to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for trainees and non-experts in a wide array of healthcare disciplines. Outlining the basic physiological principles and offering a step-by-step approach to conducting and interpreting a CPET, together with case studies to consolidate learning.
Glossary List of Abbreviations Introduction Part I. What is Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing?: 1. What is cardiopulmonary exercise testing? 2. Exercise physiology 3. Anaerobic threshold, ventilatory, and cardiovascular response to exercise and the Fick principle Part II. Conducting a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: 4. Conduct of a CPET 5. Spirometry and flow-volume loops 6. Ergometers and work rate increment, equipment, staff, and preparation 7. Workload, breath-by-breath analysis and test phases, and stopping a cardiopulmonary exercise test Part III. Interpreting a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: 8. Different plots and CPET interpretation 9. RER versus time (or work rate) plot 10. VO2 (and VCO2) versus work rate versus time plot 11. VCO2 versus VO2 plot 12. VEVO2 and VEVCO2 versus time (or work or VO2) plot 13. PETO2 and PETCO2 versus time (or work or VO2) plot 14. Heart rate and O2 pulse (VO2/HR) versus time plot 15. VE versus time plot 16. VE versus VCO2 plot 17. Vt versus VE plot 18. Additional parameters of interest and presentation of results Part IV. Assessment of Exercise Capacity and Causes of Exercise Limitation and Dyspnoea: 19. General interpretation and a normal test 20. Submaximal test 21. CPET in trained athletes, deconditioning, and obesity 22. Cardiovascular limitation 23. Ventilatory limitation 24. Pulmonary vascular limitation 25. Peripheral vascular limitation 26. Peripheral muscle limitation 27. CPET and dyspnoea 28. Dysfunctional breathing 29. Peri-operative risk stratification and shared decision making Further Reading Index.
Glossary List of Abbreviations Introduction Part I. What is Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing?: 1. What is cardiopulmonary exercise testing? 2. Exercise physiology 3. Anaerobic threshold, ventilatory, and cardiovascular response to exercise and the Fick principle Part II. Conducting a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: 4. Conduct of a CPET 5. Spirometry and flow-volume loops 6. Ergometers and work rate increment, equipment, staff, and preparation 7. Workload, breath-by-breath analysis and test phases, and stopping a cardiopulmonary exercise test Part III. Interpreting a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: 8. Different plots and CPET interpretation 9. RER versus time (or work rate) plot 10. VO2 (and VCO2) versus work rate versus time plot 11. VCO2 versus VO2 plot 12. VEVO2 and VEVCO2 versus time (or work or VO2) plot 13. PETO2 and PETCO2 versus time (or work or VO2) plot 14. Heart rate and O2 pulse (VO2/HR) versus time plot 15. VE versus time plot 16. VE versus VCO2 plot 17. Vt versus VE plot 18. Additional parameters of interest and presentation of results Part IV. Assessment of Exercise Capacity and Causes of Exercise Limitation and Dyspnoea: 19. General interpretation and a normal test 20. Submaximal test 21. CPET in trained athletes, deconditioning, and obesity 22. Cardiovascular limitation 23. Ventilatory limitation 24. Pulmonary vascular limitation 25. Peripheral vascular limitation 26. Peripheral muscle limitation 27. CPET and dyspnoea 28. Dysfunctional breathing 29. Peri-operative risk stratification and shared decision making Further Reading Index.
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