The prosecution of sexual assault in international law has a relatively recent history. Although there are a number of articles exploring both the effects and prosecution of sexual violence, there have been few attempts to link the concept to human rights. This book starts with a brief exploration of the history of sexual assault in conflict, and its evolution in international criminal law. This includes an exploration of the definition of sexual violence in international criminal law and the prosecution of the crime to date, before exploring the effects of sexual assault as it ties to human rights. By concluding that the non-prosecutions of sexual violence results in a violation of women's rights, another level of protection under international law can be formed. More opportunities for justice for sexual violence survivors can be explored.