The book was written on the basis of assessing the existing Environmental security and identified critical environmental concerns or issues on the basis of natural resource utilization,management and governance.Such kind of research book was done previously at country level such as Nepal,Uganda and Philippines ,but this book is the first in kind that are conducted at highland area of north western Ethiopia,on which ,Nile river is starting up so that,it gives great understanding of how critical environmental issues affect the sustainability of natural resources,specially in developing country,Ethiopia.