Continuous advancements in technology, globalisation of markets, increasing customer demands and the fierce competition have made the business environment very dynamic, competitive and unpredictable. In such an environment, the companies need to continuously improve their performance, so as to retain their competitive position. Further, the economists, policy makers, managers and entrepreneurs have realised that continuous measurement and improvement of productivity are the keys to sustainable economic growth. Such a situation has forced the manufacturing organisations to become more concerned about their productivity.This book helps readers clearly understand the concept of manufacturing productivity. It also suggests a framework for evaluating and analysing the productivity of a manufacturing firm. The practical implementation of this framework has been demonstrated by a case study.