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The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of MTA Fillapex endodontic cement compared to AH plus cement. Human fibroblast cell lines FG11 and FG15 were used for this study. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were analyzed in human gingival fibroblasts subjected to conditioned cell culture medium by MTT reduction assay and micronucleus formation test respectively. Cells cultured in DMEM medium served as a control. Cell viability was measured at 24, 48 and 72 hours. The results were analyzed using Biostat 4.0. The Shapiro Wilk normality test was performed and the sample showed non-normal behavior. A descriptive analysis was carried out and the results were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis (Dunn) test. All the cements and the control group showed lower MTT values at 24 hours compared to 48 and 72 hours (p<0.05). Greater cell viability was observed in AH Plus cement and the control group compared to MTA Fillapex in all experimental periods (p 0.0002).