In this book, the author takes a critical look at what is being done in Benin's communes under the era of the renewal of grassroots democracy. He believes that decentralization is a fertile springboard for sustainable local development, through good governance of local resources with the support of partners. To do this, men and women exist in each commune with various skills, and must be involved in the search for sustainable solutions. However, everything is in the hands of those responsible, the elected communal officials who are in charge of this challenge, and who must have all the latitude to aspire to sound and transparent governance of resources in the accomplishment of the missions they are responsible for. If there is hesitation, decentralization will not be able to have any effect on lifting the populations at the grassroots and their regions out of poverty. Avoid strong politicization that is harmful to grassroots development in order to anticipate sustainable and objective actions that are effectively beneficial to all in order to see the common enemy, "poverty" in all its forms, eventually recede. Otherwise, there is no hope. But we count on your positive commitment.