The goal of this book is to review the traditional concepts of theory and practice, as well as the concept of history, as have been applied to translation training and translation studies in general. Therefore, postmodern approaches have been applied to deconstruct the theory/practice binary opposition in order to show the impossibility of claiming that there is a rift between these concepts. Also, the definition of deconstructive history has been used to show that all historical work includes interpretative narratives that are influenced by the historian's construction and ideology, and that there can never be a definitive historical rendition of any event. Finally, two exemplary cases are challenged to back the theoretical claims made in this book, which are: prescriptive translation training, and the history of the Toledo Translation School .