Deep Earth: Physics and Chemistry of the Lower Mantle and Core highlights recent advances and the latest views of the deep Earth from theoretical, experimental, and observational approaches and offers insight into future research directions on the deep Earth. In recent years, we have just reached a stage where we can perform measurements at the conditions of the center part of the Earth using state-of-the-art techniques, and many reports on the physical and chemical properties of the deep Earth have come out very recently. Novel theoretical models have been complementary to this breakthrough.…mehr
Deep Earth: Physics and Chemistry of the Lower Mantle and Core highlights recent advances and the latest views of the deep Earth from theoretical, experimental, and observational approaches and offers insight into future research directions on the deep Earth. In recent years, we have just reached a stage where we can perform measurements at the conditions of the center part of the Earth using state-of-the-art techniques, and many reports on the physical and chemical properties of the deep Earth have come out very recently. Novel theoretical models have been complementary to this breakthrough. These new inputs enable us to compare directly with results of precise geophysical and geochemical observations. This volume highlights the recent significant advancements in our understanding of the deep Earth that have occurred as a result, including contributions from mineral/rock physics, geophysics, and geochemistry that relate to the topics of: I. Thermal structure of the lower mantle and core II. Structure, anisotropy, and plasticity of deep Earth materials III. Physical properties of the deep interior IV. Chemistry and phase relations in the lower mantle and core V. Volatiles in the deep Earth The volume will be a valuable resource for researchers and students who study the Earth's interior. The topics of this volume are multidisciplinary, and therefore will be useful to students from a wide variety of fields in the Earth Sciences.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Hidenori Terasaki is a Professor in the Department of Earth and Space Science at Osaka University. Hidenori's research focuses on studying the earth interior composition, with particular emphasis on measuring density, viscosity, interfacial tension, temperature and pressure related to mantle and core properties and formation. He is a recipient of the young scientist research award in the Mineralogical Society of Japan and Japan Society of High Pressure Science and Technology. He is a member of the American Geophysical Union, The Japan Society of High Pressure Science and Technology, The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences and The Japanese Society for Planetary Science. Rebecca Fischer is a PhD candidate in the Department of the Geophysical Sciences at the University of Chicago. Her research focuses on the formation and chemical evolution of the Earth, with particular focus emphasis on the physical and chemical properties of minerals and melts at extreme conditions. She uses diamond anvil cells and laser-heating to experimentally recreate the high pressures (up to >150 GPa) and high temperatures (several thousand K) of the Earth's deep interior, combined with numerical simulations of accretion. She has been the recipient of organizational fellowships and scholarships (NSF) for her scholarly research on the Interior of the Earth.
Inhaltsangabe
Contributors vii Preface ix Part I: Thermal Strucure of Deep Earth 1 1 Melting of Fe Alloys and the Thermal Structure of the Core Rebecca A. Fischer 3 2 Temperature of the Lower Mantle and Core Based on Ab Initio Mineral Physics Data Taku Tsuchiya, Kenji Kawai, Xianlong Wang, Hiroki Ichikawa, and Haruhiko Dekura 13 3 Heat Transfer in the Core and Mantle Abby Kavner and Emma S. G. Rainey 31 4 Thermal State and Evolution of the Earth Core and Deep Mantle Stéphane Labrosse 43 Part II: Structures, Anisotropy, and Plasticity of Deep Earth Materials 55 5 Crystal Structures of Core Materials Razvan Caracas 57 6 Crystal Structures of Minerals in the Lower Mantle June K. Wicks and Thomas S. Duffy 69 7 Deformation of Core and Lower Mantle Materials Sébastien Merkel and Patrick Cordier 89 8 Using Mineral Analogs to Understand the Deep Earth Simon A. T. Redfern 101 Part III: Physical Properties of Deep Interior 111 9 Ground Truth: Seismological Properties of the Core George Helffrich 113 10 Physical Properties of the Inner Core Daniele Antonangeli 121 11 Physical Properties of the Outer Core Hidenori Terasaki 129 Part IV: Chemistry and Phase Relations of Deep Interior 143 12 The Composition of the Lower Mantle and Core William F. McDonough 145 13 Metal?-Silicate Partitioning of Siderophile Elements and Core-Mantle Segregation Kevin Righter 161 14 Mechanisms and Geochemical Models of Core Formation David C. Rubie and Seth A. Jacobson 181 15 Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamics of Core Materials Andrew J. Campbell 191 16 Chemistry of Core?-Mantle Boundary John W. Hernlund 201 17 Phase Transition and Melting in the Deep Lower Mantle Kei Hirose 209 18 Chemistry of the Lower Mantle Daniel J. Frost and Robert Myhill 225 19 Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamics of Lower Mantle Materials Susannah M. Dorfman 241 Part V: Volatiles in Deep Interior 253 20 Hydrogen in the Earth's Core: Review of the Structural, Elastic, and Thermodynamic Properties of Iron-Hydrogen Alloys Caitlin A. Murphy 255 21 Stability of Hydrous Minerals and Water Reservoirs in the Deep Earth Interior Eiji Ohtani, Yohei Amaike, Seiji Kamada, Itaru Ohira, and Izumi Mashino 265 22 Carbon in the Core Bin Chen and Jie Li 277 Index 289
Contributors vii Preface ix Part I: Thermal Strucure of Deep Earth 1 1 Melting of Fe Alloys and the Thermal Structure of the Core Rebecca A. Fischer 3 2 Temperature of the Lower Mantle and Core Based on Ab Initio Mineral Physics Data Taku Tsuchiya, Kenji Kawai, Xianlong Wang, Hiroki Ichikawa, and Haruhiko Dekura 13 3 Heat Transfer in the Core and Mantle Abby Kavner and Emma S. G. Rainey 31 4 Thermal State and Evolution of the Earth Core and Deep Mantle Stéphane Labrosse 43 Part II: Structures, Anisotropy, and Plasticity of Deep Earth Materials 55 5 Crystal Structures of Core Materials Razvan Caracas 57 6 Crystal Structures of Minerals in the Lower Mantle June K. Wicks and Thomas S. Duffy 69 7 Deformation of Core and Lower Mantle Materials Sébastien Merkel and Patrick Cordier 89 8 Using Mineral Analogs to Understand the Deep Earth Simon A. T. Redfern 101 Part III: Physical Properties of Deep Interior 111 9 Ground Truth: Seismological Properties of the Core George Helffrich 113 10 Physical Properties of the Inner Core Daniele Antonangeli 121 11 Physical Properties of the Outer Core Hidenori Terasaki 129 Part IV: Chemistry and Phase Relations of Deep Interior 143 12 The Composition of the Lower Mantle and Core William F. McDonough 145 13 Metal?-Silicate Partitioning of Siderophile Elements and Core-Mantle Segregation Kevin Righter 161 14 Mechanisms and Geochemical Models of Core Formation David C. Rubie and Seth A. Jacobson 181 15 Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamics of Core Materials Andrew J. Campbell 191 16 Chemistry of Core?-Mantle Boundary John W. Hernlund 201 17 Phase Transition and Melting in the Deep Lower Mantle Kei Hirose 209 18 Chemistry of the Lower Mantle Daniel J. Frost and Robert Myhill 225 19 Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamics of Lower Mantle Materials Susannah M. Dorfman 241 Part V: Volatiles in Deep Interior 253 20 Hydrogen in the Earth's Core: Review of the Structural, Elastic, and Thermodynamic Properties of Iron-Hydrogen Alloys Caitlin A. Murphy 255 21 Stability of Hydrous Minerals and Water Reservoirs in the Deep Earth Interior Eiji Ohtani, Yohei Amaike, Seiji Kamada, Itaru Ohira, and Izumi Mashino 265 22 Carbon in the Core Bin Chen and Jie Li 277 Index 289
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