The objective of our work was to analyze the causes of the delay in the care of children infected with HIV/AIDS. Our study focused on 100 HIV-infected children whose care was delayed. These children were followed at CPAM, SWAA Bujumbura as well as at the pediatric department of CHUK from January 1 to October 31, 2012. At the end of this study, we found the following results: Age at onset of care was greater than 59 months in 77% of cases. Male gender predominated (55%) with a sex ratio of 1.22. The objective of this study is to analyze the causes of the delay in treating children infected with HIV/AIDS at the CPAM, children hospitalized in the pediatric department of the CHUK, and new cases treated at the SWAA Bujumbura in order to identify strategies to increase pediatric antiretroviral coverage. This will allow to reach the objectives of the WHO (allow infected children to reach adulthood) and the National Strategic Plan for the Fight against AIDS in Burundi 2012-2016, 90% of eligible infected children benefit from ARV treatment by 2016.