Delivering a Climate Neutral Europe
Herausgeber: Delbeke, Jos
Delivering a Climate Neutral Europe
Herausgeber: Delbeke, Jos
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Delivering a Climate Neutral Europe summarises the achievements of twenty-five years of EU Climate Policy, with the emphasis on what has been achieved under the Green Deal. It also highlights climate issues on the table of policy makers in the next European policy cycle 2024-2029.
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Delivering a Climate Neutral Europe summarises the achievements of twenty-five years of EU Climate Policy, with the emphasis on what has been achieved under the Green Deal. It also highlights climate issues on the table of policy makers in the next European policy cycle 2024-2029.
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Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Taylor & Francis
- Seitenzahl: 268
- Erscheinungstermin: 17. Mai 2024
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 216mm x 140mm x 18mm
- Gewicht: 490g
- ISBN-13: 9781032797601
- ISBN-10: 1032797606
- Artikelnr.: 70149662
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Libri GmbH
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- 06621 890
- Verlag: Taylor & Francis
- Seitenzahl: 268
- Erscheinungstermin: 17. Mai 2024
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 216mm x 140mm x 18mm
- Gewicht: 490g
- ISBN-13: 9781032797601
- ISBN-10: 1032797606
- Artikelnr.: 70149662
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Libri GmbH
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- 06621 890
Jos Delbeke holds the first EIB Chair on Climate Policy and International Carbon Markets and was previously Director-General of the European Commission's DG for Climate Action (2010-2018). Delbeke was involved in setting the EU's climate and energy targets for 2020 and 2030 and in developing EU legislation on the Emissions Trading System (ETS), cars and fuels, air quality, emissions from big industrial installations and chemicals (REACH). He developed Europe's International Climate Change strategy and was the European Commission's chief negotiator at the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties, playing a key role in the EU's implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and in negotiations on the Paris Agreement.
Part 1: Climate action in the EU and the world Chapter 1: EU Climate Policy
after 25 years: looking back, looking ahead Introduction 1.1 Climate change
is happening 1.2 EU greenhouse gas emissions reduced by 32.5% between 1990
and 2022 1.3 Building further on the cornerstones of EU climate policy
1.3.1 The politics: a vision endorsed at the highest political level 1.3.2
The economics: putting an explicit price on carbon 1.3.3 The
technicalities: designing policies based on solid preparation 1.4 Anchoring
climate into a strengthened geopolitical EU strategy 1.4.1 The climate
transition as part of an EU geopolitical industrial strategy 1.4.2
Investing in social and regional cohesion 1.4.3 Investing in removals 1.4.4
Raising much more sustainable finance 1.4.5 Addressing adaptation Chapter
2: The Paris Agreement Introduction 2.1The UN Framework Convention on
Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol 2.2 From the failure of Copenhagen
(2009) to the success of the Paris Agreement (2015) 2.3Essential features
of the Paris Agreement 2.3.1 Applicable to all Parties 2.3.2 Ambitious
collective goals 2.3.3 Dynamic five-year ambition cycles 2.3.4 Transparency
and accountability 2.3.5 Increasing resilience to and responding to the
adverse effects of climate change 2.3.6 Fostering cooperation and financial
flows 2.4Are global emissions peaking? 2.5 The international dimension of
the European Green Deal 2.5.1 Sharing lessons on the climate and energy
transition 2.5.2 Trade-related climate measures 2.5.3 Mobilising
sustainable finance Conclusion Part 2: The EU Emissions Trading System
Chapter 3: The EU Emissions Trading System Introduction 3.1 How does the EU
Emissions Trading System work? 3.2 Price and emissions development 3.3 The
creation of the Market Stability Reserve 3.4 A strengthening of the
emissions cap 2024-2030 3.5 The creation of ETS2 for road transport,
buildings, and smaller industry 3.5.1 Defining the ETS2 cap trajectory
3.5.2 The Market Stability Reserve for ETS2 3.5.3 Gradual implementation
and safeguards for a smooth start 3.6 The growing importance of ETS
revenues 3.6.1 Raising revenue through auctioning allowances 3.6.2 EU
Solidarity and the use of auctioning revenue 3.6.3 The Social Climate Fund
Conclusion Chapter 4: Addressing Carbon Leakage under the EU ET
Introduction 4.1 The problem of carbon leakage 4.2The EU approach to free
allocation 4.2.1 Benchmarks4.2.2 Carbon leakage list 4.2.3 Seizing the
benefit of technological progress 4.2.4 The correction factor 4.2.5 The
State Aid provisions and the New Entrants Reserve 4.3 The creation of a
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) 4.3.1 The CBAM Design 4.3.2
Defining CBAM Liability 4.3.3 Reduction for a carbon price paid 4.3.4
Monitoring the introduction of CBAM 4.3.5 CBAM as an impetus for more
intensivepolicy cooperation Conclusion Chapter 5: The international
dimension of EU ETS Introduction 5.1 International cooperation on carbon
markets 5.2 Experience with international credits 5.3 Aviation emissions
5.3.1 The international governance of aviation emissions 5.3.2 The EU ETS
includes aviation within Europe 5.3.3 The 2023 EU ETS Review 5.3.4
Sustainable aviation fuels 5.3.5 Development of CORSIA within ICAO 5.4
Maritime emissions 5.4.1 The international governance of shipping emissions
5.4.2 Extension of EU ETS to maritime emissions 5.4.3 Developments in the
IMO Conclusion Part 3: Climate action by Member States and economic sectors
Chapter 6: The Effort Sharing Regulation Introduction 6.1 Emissions from
the Effort Sharing sectors 6.2 Effort Sharing 2013-2020 6.2.1 Setting
differentiated targets 6.2.2 Developing more elements of re-distribution
6.2.3 Experience to date 6.2.4 Flexible provisions 6.3 Differentiation and
flexibilities allowed for 2021-2030 6.3.1 Continuation of the
differentiated target approach 6.3.2 More differentiation among Member
States 6.3.3 Towards the convergence among Member States by 2030 6.3.4
Starting point and trajectoriesm 6.3.5 Flexibility with the Emissions
Trading System 6.3.6 Flexibility to Land Use Change and Forestry sectors
6.3.7 Flexibility linked to earlier over-achievement 6.3.8 The 2030 targets
as adopted 6.4 An energy and climate governance system 6.4.1 Integrated
energy and climate governance and the Climate Law 6.4.2 National climate
and energy plans Conclusion Chapter 7: Climate related regulations in the
field of energy, transport, F-gases and Methane Introduction 7.1 Renewable
energy 7.1.1 A binding EU-wide target 7.1.2 Biomass 7.2 Electricity and gas
market integration and climate policy 7.2.1 The challenge of integrating
renewable energy 7.2.2 The combined effects of electricity market reform
and carbon pricing 7.2.3 Strengthened role for consumers 7.3 Energy
efficiency 7.3.1 Energy dependence, the import bill and barriers to energy
efficiency 7.3.2 The EU's bottom-up approach and the Energy Efficiency
Directive 7.3.3 Regulating the energy use and labelling of products and
devices 7.3.4 Addressing the energy efficiency of buildings 7.4 Emissions
from road transport7.4.1 Biofuels and renewable energy in the transport
sector 7.4.2 Regulating zero CO2 emissions from cars and vans by 2035 7.4.3
Emissions from Heavy-Duty Vehicles (HDV), such as lorries and buses 7.5
Phasing down the use of fluorinated gases 7.5.1 Addressing the hole in the
ozone layer internationally 7.5.2 EU legislation implementing the Montreal
Protocol and the Kigali Amendment 7.6 The EU Methane Strategy Conclusion
Chapter 8: Removals and emissions from agriculture and forestry
Introduction 8.1 The role of the land use sector in mitigating and removing
greenhouse gas emissions 8.2 The LULUCF carbon sink in the EU 8.2.1
Evolution of LULUCF: From Kyoto Protocol to ambitious EU targets 8.2.2
Building further on the 2018 LULUCF Regulation 8.3 Scaling up carbon
removals and ensuring credibility 8.4 An enabling environment for climate
action in forestry and agriculture Conclusion Chapter 9: Accelerating the
Greening of EU Industry Introduction 9.1 The new policy context 9.2The
Innovation Fund 9.3The Battery Alliance 9.4The role of state aid: the
Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework (TCTF) 9.5 The Hydrogen Bank and
EU level auctioning under the Innovation Fund 9.6Towards a European Net
Zero Industry 9.6.1 Net¿Zero Industry Act (NZIA) 228 9.6.2 Critical Raw
Materials Act 229 9.6.3 Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP)
230 Conclusion, Chapter 10: The Greening of EU Finance, Introduction 10.1
The EU Sustainable Finance Strategy 10.1.1 The EU Taxonomy10.1.2 Disclosure
rules 10.1.3 Benchmarks and green bonds 10.1.4 The EU and the international
approach to Sustainable Finance 10.2 Mainstreaming climate into the EU
budget 10.2.1 The climate mainstreaming target 10.2.2 The specific
programme targets 10.3 The EIB becomes the EU's Climate bank Conclusion,
Index
after 25 years: looking back, looking ahead Introduction 1.1 Climate change
is happening 1.2 EU greenhouse gas emissions reduced by 32.5% between 1990
and 2022 1.3 Building further on the cornerstones of EU climate policy
1.3.1 The politics: a vision endorsed at the highest political level 1.3.2
The economics: putting an explicit price on carbon 1.3.3 The
technicalities: designing policies based on solid preparation 1.4 Anchoring
climate into a strengthened geopolitical EU strategy 1.4.1 The climate
transition as part of an EU geopolitical industrial strategy 1.4.2
Investing in social and regional cohesion 1.4.3 Investing in removals 1.4.4
Raising much more sustainable finance 1.4.5 Addressing adaptation Chapter
2: The Paris Agreement Introduction 2.1The UN Framework Convention on
Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol 2.2 From the failure of Copenhagen
(2009) to the success of the Paris Agreement (2015) 2.3Essential features
of the Paris Agreement 2.3.1 Applicable to all Parties 2.3.2 Ambitious
collective goals 2.3.3 Dynamic five-year ambition cycles 2.3.4 Transparency
and accountability 2.3.5 Increasing resilience to and responding to the
adverse effects of climate change 2.3.6 Fostering cooperation and financial
flows 2.4Are global emissions peaking? 2.5 The international dimension of
the European Green Deal 2.5.1 Sharing lessons on the climate and energy
transition 2.5.2 Trade-related climate measures 2.5.3 Mobilising
sustainable finance Conclusion Part 2: The EU Emissions Trading System
Chapter 3: The EU Emissions Trading System Introduction 3.1 How does the EU
Emissions Trading System work? 3.2 Price and emissions development 3.3 The
creation of the Market Stability Reserve 3.4 A strengthening of the
emissions cap 2024-2030 3.5 The creation of ETS2 for road transport,
buildings, and smaller industry 3.5.1 Defining the ETS2 cap trajectory
3.5.2 The Market Stability Reserve for ETS2 3.5.3 Gradual implementation
and safeguards for a smooth start 3.6 The growing importance of ETS
revenues 3.6.1 Raising revenue through auctioning allowances 3.6.2 EU
Solidarity and the use of auctioning revenue 3.6.3 The Social Climate Fund
Conclusion Chapter 4: Addressing Carbon Leakage under the EU ET
Introduction 4.1 The problem of carbon leakage 4.2The EU approach to free
allocation 4.2.1 Benchmarks4.2.2 Carbon leakage list 4.2.3 Seizing the
benefit of technological progress 4.2.4 The correction factor 4.2.5 The
State Aid provisions and the New Entrants Reserve 4.3 The creation of a
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) 4.3.1 The CBAM Design 4.3.2
Defining CBAM Liability 4.3.3 Reduction for a carbon price paid 4.3.4
Monitoring the introduction of CBAM 4.3.5 CBAM as an impetus for more
intensivepolicy cooperation Conclusion Chapter 5: The international
dimension of EU ETS Introduction 5.1 International cooperation on carbon
markets 5.2 Experience with international credits 5.3 Aviation emissions
5.3.1 The international governance of aviation emissions 5.3.2 The EU ETS
includes aviation within Europe 5.3.3 The 2023 EU ETS Review 5.3.4
Sustainable aviation fuels 5.3.5 Development of CORSIA within ICAO 5.4
Maritime emissions 5.4.1 The international governance of shipping emissions
5.4.2 Extension of EU ETS to maritime emissions 5.4.3 Developments in the
IMO Conclusion Part 3: Climate action by Member States and economic sectors
Chapter 6: The Effort Sharing Regulation Introduction 6.1 Emissions from
the Effort Sharing sectors 6.2 Effort Sharing 2013-2020 6.2.1 Setting
differentiated targets 6.2.2 Developing more elements of re-distribution
6.2.3 Experience to date 6.2.4 Flexible provisions 6.3 Differentiation and
flexibilities allowed for 2021-2030 6.3.1 Continuation of the
differentiated target approach 6.3.2 More differentiation among Member
States 6.3.3 Towards the convergence among Member States by 2030 6.3.4
Starting point and trajectoriesm 6.3.5 Flexibility with the Emissions
Trading System 6.3.6 Flexibility to Land Use Change and Forestry sectors
6.3.7 Flexibility linked to earlier over-achievement 6.3.8 The 2030 targets
as adopted 6.4 An energy and climate governance system 6.4.1 Integrated
energy and climate governance and the Climate Law 6.4.2 National climate
and energy plans Conclusion Chapter 7: Climate related regulations in the
field of energy, transport, F-gases and Methane Introduction 7.1 Renewable
energy 7.1.1 A binding EU-wide target 7.1.2 Biomass 7.2 Electricity and gas
market integration and climate policy 7.2.1 The challenge of integrating
renewable energy 7.2.2 The combined effects of electricity market reform
and carbon pricing 7.2.3 Strengthened role for consumers 7.3 Energy
efficiency 7.3.1 Energy dependence, the import bill and barriers to energy
efficiency 7.3.2 The EU's bottom-up approach and the Energy Efficiency
Directive 7.3.3 Regulating the energy use and labelling of products and
devices 7.3.4 Addressing the energy efficiency of buildings 7.4 Emissions
from road transport7.4.1 Biofuels and renewable energy in the transport
sector 7.4.2 Regulating zero CO2 emissions from cars and vans by 2035 7.4.3
Emissions from Heavy-Duty Vehicles (HDV), such as lorries and buses 7.5
Phasing down the use of fluorinated gases 7.5.1 Addressing the hole in the
ozone layer internationally 7.5.2 EU legislation implementing the Montreal
Protocol and the Kigali Amendment 7.6 The EU Methane Strategy Conclusion
Chapter 8: Removals and emissions from agriculture and forestry
Introduction 8.1 The role of the land use sector in mitigating and removing
greenhouse gas emissions 8.2 The LULUCF carbon sink in the EU 8.2.1
Evolution of LULUCF: From Kyoto Protocol to ambitious EU targets 8.2.2
Building further on the 2018 LULUCF Regulation 8.3 Scaling up carbon
removals and ensuring credibility 8.4 An enabling environment for climate
action in forestry and agriculture Conclusion Chapter 9: Accelerating the
Greening of EU Industry Introduction 9.1 The new policy context 9.2The
Innovation Fund 9.3The Battery Alliance 9.4The role of state aid: the
Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework (TCTF) 9.5 The Hydrogen Bank and
EU level auctioning under the Innovation Fund 9.6Towards a European Net
Zero Industry 9.6.1 Net¿Zero Industry Act (NZIA) 228 9.6.2 Critical Raw
Materials Act 229 9.6.3 Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP)
230 Conclusion, Chapter 10: The Greening of EU Finance, Introduction 10.1
The EU Sustainable Finance Strategy 10.1.1 The EU Taxonomy10.1.2 Disclosure
rules 10.1.3 Benchmarks and green bonds 10.1.4 The EU and the international
approach to Sustainable Finance 10.2 Mainstreaming climate into the EU
budget 10.2.1 The climate mainstreaming target 10.2.2 The specific
programme targets 10.3 The EIB becomes the EU's Climate bank Conclusion,
Index
Part 1: Climate action in the EU and the world Chapter 1: EU Climate Policy
after 25 years: looking back, looking ahead Introduction 1.1 Climate change
is happening 1.2 EU greenhouse gas emissions reduced by 32.5% between 1990
and 2022 1.3 Building further on the cornerstones of EU climate policy
1.3.1 The politics: a vision endorsed at the highest political level 1.3.2
The economics: putting an explicit price on carbon 1.3.3 The
technicalities: designing policies based on solid preparation 1.4 Anchoring
climate into a strengthened geopolitical EU strategy 1.4.1 The climate
transition as part of an EU geopolitical industrial strategy 1.4.2
Investing in social and regional cohesion 1.4.3 Investing in removals 1.4.4
Raising much more sustainable finance 1.4.5 Addressing adaptation Chapter
2: The Paris Agreement Introduction 2.1The UN Framework Convention on
Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol 2.2 From the failure of Copenhagen
(2009) to the success of the Paris Agreement (2015) 2.3Essential features
of the Paris Agreement 2.3.1 Applicable to all Parties 2.3.2 Ambitious
collective goals 2.3.3 Dynamic five-year ambition cycles 2.3.4 Transparency
and accountability 2.3.5 Increasing resilience to and responding to the
adverse effects of climate change 2.3.6 Fostering cooperation and financial
flows 2.4Are global emissions peaking? 2.5 The international dimension of
the European Green Deal 2.5.1 Sharing lessons on the climate and energy
transition 2.5.2 Trade-related climate measures 2.5.3 Mobilising
sustainable finance Conclusion Part 2: The EU Emissions Trading System
Chapter 3: The EU Emissions Trading System Introduction 3.1 How does the EU
Emissions Trading System work? 3.2 Price and emissions development 3.3 The
creation of the Market Stability Reserve 3.4 A strengthening of the
emissions cap 2024-2030 3.5 The creation of ETS2 for road transport,
buildings, and smaller industry 3.5.1 Defining the ETS2 cap trajectory
3.5.2 The Market Stability Reserve for ETS2 3.5.3 Gradual implementation
and safeguards for a smooth start 3.6 The growing importance of ETS
revenues 3.6.1 Raising revenue through auctioning allowances 3.6.2 EU
Solidarity and the use of auctioning revenue 3.6.3 The Social Climate Fund
Conclusion Chapter 4: Addressing Carbon Leakage under the EU ET
Introduction 4.1 The problem of carbon leakage 4.2The EU approach to free
allocation 4.2.1 Benchmarks4.2.2 Carbon leakage list 4.2.3 Seizing the
benefit of technological progress 4.2.4 The correction factor 4.2.5 The
State Aid provisions and the New Entrants Reserve 4.3 The creation of a
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) 4.3.1 The CBAM Design 4.3.2
Defining CBAM Liability 4.3.3 Reduction for a carbon price paid 4.3.4
Monitoring the introduction of CBAM 4.3.5 CBAM as an impetus for more
intensivepolicy cooperation Conclusion Chapter 5: The international
dimension of EU ETS Introduction 5.1 International cooperation on carbon
markets 5.2 Experience with international credits 5.3 Aviation emissions
5.3.1 The international governance of aviation emissions 5.3.2 The EU ETS
includes aviation within Europe 5.3.3 The 2023 EU ETS Review 5.3.4
Sustainable aviation fuels 5.3.5 Development of CORSIA within ICAO 5.4
Maritime emissions 5.4.1 The international governance of shipping emissions
5.4.2 Extension of EU ETS to maritime emissions 5.4.3 Developments in the
IMO Conclusion Part 3: Climate action by Member States and economic sectors
Chapter 6: The Effort Sharing Regulation Introduction 6.1 Emissions from
the Effort Sharing sectors 6.2 Effort Sharing 2013-2020 6.2.1 Setting
differentiated targets 6.2.2 Developing more elements of re-distribution
6.2.3 Experience to date 6.2.4 Flexible provisions 6.3 Differentiation and
flexibilities allowed for 2021-2030 6.3.1 Continuation of the
differentiated target approach 6.3.2 More differentiation among Member
States 6.3.3 Towards the convergence among Member States by 2030 6.3.4
Starting point and trajectoriesm 6.3.5 Flexibility with the Emissions
Trading System 6.3.6 Flexibility to Land Use Change and Forestry sectors
6.3.7 Flexibility linked to earlier over-achievement 6.3.8 The 2030 targets
as adopted 6.4 An energy and climate governance system 6.4.1 Integrated
energy and climate governance and the Climate Law 6.4.2 National climate
and energy plans Conclusion Chapter 7: Climate related regulations in the
field of energy, transport, F-gases and Methane Introduction 7.1 Renewable
energy 7.1.1 A binding EU-wide target 7.1.2 Biomass 7.2 Electricity and gas
market integration and climate policy 7.2.1 The challenge of integrating
renewable energy 7.2.2 The combined effects of electricity market reform
and carbon pricing 7.2.3 Strengthened role for consumers 7.3 Energy
efficiency 7.3.1 Energy dependence, the import bill and barriers to energy
efficiency 7.3.2 The EU's bottom-up approach and the Energy Efficiency
Directive 7.3.3 Regulating the energy use and labelling of products and
devices 7.3.4 Addressing the energy efficiency of buildings 7.4 Emissions
from road transport7.4.1 Biofuels and renewable energy in the transport
sector 7.4.2 Regulating zero CO2 emissions from cars and vans by 2035 7.4.3
Emissions from Heavy-Duty Vehicles (HDV), such as lorries and buses 7.5
Phasing down the use of fluorinated gases 7.5.1 Addressing the hole in the
ozone layer internationally 7.5.2 EU legislation implementing the Montreal
Protocol and the Kigali Amendment 7.6 The EU Methane Strategy Conclusion
Chapter 8: Removals and emissions from agriculture and forestry
Introduction 8.1 The role of the land use sector in mitigating and removing
greenhouse gas emissions 8.2 The LULUCF carbon sink in the EU 8.2.1
Evolution of LULUCF: From Kyoto Protocol to ambitious EU targets 8.2.2
Building further on the 2018 LULUCF Regulation 8.3 Scaling up carbon
removals and ensuring credibility 8.4 An enabling environment for climate
action in forestry and agriculture Conclusion Chapter 9: Accelerating the
Greening of EU Industry Introduction 9.1 The new policy context 9.2The
Innovation Fund 9.3The Battery Alliance 9.4The role of state aid: the
Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework (TCTF) 9.5 The Hydrogen Bank and
EU level auctioning under the Innovation Fund 9.6Towards a European Net
Zero Industry 9.6.1 Net¿Zero Industry Act (NZIA) 228 9.6.2 Critical Raw
Materials Act 229 9.6.3 Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP)
230 Conclusion, Chapter 10: The Greening of EU Finance, Introduction 10.1
The EU Sustainable Finance Strategy 10.1.1 The EU Taxonomy10.1.2 Disclosure
rules 10.1.3 Benchmarks and green bonds 10.1.4 The EU and the international
approach to Sustainable Finance 10.2 Mainstreaming climate into the EU
budget 10.2.1 The climate mainstreaming target 10.2.2 The specific
programme targets 10.3 The EIB becomes the EU's Climate bank Conclusion,
Index
after 25 years: looking back, looking ahead Introduction 1.1 Climate change
is happening 1.2 EU greenhouse gas emissions reduced by 32.5% between 1990
and 2022 1.3 Building further on the cornerstones of EU climate policy
1.3.1 The politics: a vision endorsed at the highest political level 1.3.2
The economics: putting an explicit price on carbon 1.3.3 The
technicalities: designing policies based on solid preparation 1.4 Anchoring
climate into a strengthened geopolitical EU strategy 1.4.1 The climate
transition as part of an EU geopolitical industrial strategy 1.4.2
Investing in social and regional cohesion 1.4.3 Investing in removals 1.4.4
Raising much more sustainable finance 1.4.5 Addressing adaptation Chapter
2: The Paris Agreement Introduction 2.1The UN Framework Convention on
Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol 2.2 From the failure of Copenhagen
(2009) to the success of the Paris Agreement (2015) 2.3Essential features
of the Paris Agreement 2.3.1 Applicable to all Parties 2.3.2 Ambitious
collective goals 2.3.3 Dynamic five-year ambition cycles 2.3.4 Transparency
and accountability 2.3.5 Increasing resilience to and responding to the
adverse effects of climate change 2.3.6 Fostering cooperation and financial
flows 2.4Are global emissions peaking? 2.5 The international dimension of
the European Green Deal 2.5.1 Sharing lessons on the climate and energy
transition 2.5.2 Trade-related climate measures 2.5.3 Mobilising
sustainable finance Conclusion Part 2: The EU Emissions Trading System
Chapter 3: The EU Emissions Trading System Introduction 3.1 How does the EU
Emissions Trading System work? 3.2 Price and emissions development 3.3 The
creation of the Market Stability Reserve 3.4 A strengthening of the
emissions cap 2024-2030 3.5 The creation of ETS2 for road transport,
buildings, and smaller industry 3.5.1 Defining the ETS2 cap trajectory
3.5.2 The Market Stability Reserve for ETS2 3.5.3 Gradual implementation
and safeguards for a smooth start 3.6 The growing importance of ETS
revenues 3.6.1 Raising revenue through auctioning allowances 3.6.2 EU
Solidarity and the use of auctioning revenue 3.6.3 The Social Climate Fund
Conclusion Chapter 4: Addressing Carbon Leakage under the EU ET
Introduction 4.1 The problem of carbon leakage 4.2The EU approach to free
allocation 4.2.1 Benchmarks4.2.2 Carbon leakage list 4.2.3 Seizing the
benefit of technological progress 4.2.4 The correction factor 4.2.5 The
State Aid provisions and the New Entrants Reserve 4.3 The creation of a
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) 4.3.1 The CBAM Design 4.3.2
Defining CBAM Liability 4.3.3 Reduction for a carbon price paid 4.3.4
Monitoring the introduction of CBAM 4.3.5 CBAM as an impetus for more
intensivepolicy cooperation Conclusion Chapter 5: The international
dimension of EU ETS Introduction 5.1 International cooperation on carbon
markets 5.2 Experience with international credits 5.3 Aviation emissions
5.3.1 The international governance of aviation emissions 5.3.2 The EU ETS
includes aviation within Europe 5.3.3 The 2023 EU ETS Review 5.3.4
Sustainable aviation fuels 5.3.5 Development of CORSIA within ICAO 5.4
Maritime emissions 5.4.1 The international governance of shipping emissions
5.4.2 Extension of EU ETS to maritime emissions 5.4.3 Developments in the
IMO Conclusion Part 3: Climate action by Member States and economic sectors
Chapter 6: The Effort Sharing Regulation Introduction 6.1 Emissions from
the Effort Sharing sectors 6.2 Effort Sharing 2013-2020 6.2.1 Setting
differentiated targets 6.2.2 Developing more elements of re-distribution
6.2.3 Experience to date 6.2.4 Flexible provisions 6.3 Differentiation and
flexibilities allowed for 2021-2030 6.3.1 Continuation of the
differentiated target approach 6.3.2 More differentiation among Member
States 6.3.3 Towards the convergence among Member States by 2030 6.3.4
Starting point and trajectoriesm 6.3.5 Flexibility with the Emissions
Trading System 6.3.6 Flexibility to Land Use Change and Forestry sectors
6.3.7 Flexibility linked to earlier over-achievement 6.3.8 The 2030 targets
as adopted 6.4 An energy and climate governance system 6.4.1 Integrated
energy and climate governance and the Climate Law 6.4.2 National climate
and energy plans Conclusion Chapter 7: Climate related regulations in the
field of energy, transport, F-gases and Methane Introduction 7.1 Renewable
energy 7.1.1 A binding EU-wide target 7.1.2 Biomass 7.2 Electricity and gas
market integration and climate policy 7.2.1 The challenge of integrating
renewable energy 7.2.2 The combined effects of electricity market reform
and carbon pricing 7.2.3 Strengthened role for consumers 7.3 Energy
efficiency 7.3.1 Energy dependence, the import bill and barriers to energy
efficiency 7.3.2 The EU's bottom-up approach and the Energy Efficiency
Directive 7.3.3 Regulating the energy use and labelling of products and
devices 7.3.4 Addressing the energy efficiency of buildings 7.4 Emissions
from road transport7.4.1 Biofuels and renewable energy in the transport
sector 7.4.2 Regulating zero CO2 emissions from cars and vans by 2035 7.4.3
Emissions from Heavy-Duty Vehicles (HDV), such as lorries and buses 7.5
Phasing down the use of fluorinated gases 7.5.1 Addressing the hole in the
ozone layer internationally 7.5.2 EU legislation implementing the Montreal
Protocol and the Kigali Amendment 7.6 The EU Methane Strategy Conclusion
Chapter 8: Removals and emissions from agriculture and forestry
Introduction 8.1 The role of the land use sector in mitigating and removing
greenhouse gas emissions 8.2 The LULUCF carbon sink in the EU 8.2.1
Evolution of LULUCF: From Kyoto Protocol to ambitious EU targets 8.2.2
Building further on the 2018 LULUCF Regulation 8.3 Scaling up carbon
removals and ensuring credibility 8.4 An enabling environment for climate
action in forestry and agriculture Conclusion Chapter 9: Accelerating the
Greening of EU Industry Introduction 9.1 The new policy context 9.2The
Innovation Fund 9.3The Battery Alliance 9.4The role of state aid: the
Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework (TCTF) 9.5 The Hydrogen Bank and
EU level auctioning under the Innovation Fund 9.6Towards a European Net
Zero Industry 9.6.1 Net¿Zero Industry Act (NZIA) 228 9.6.2 Critical Raw
Materials Act 229 9.6.3 Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP)
230 Conclusion, Chapter 10: The Greening of EU Finance, Introduction 10.1
The EU Sustainable Finance Strategy 10.1.1 The EU Taxonomy10.1.2 Disclosure
rules 10.1.3 Benchmarks and green bonds 10.1.4 The EU and the international
approach to Sustainable Finance 10.2 Mainstreaming climate into the EU
budget 10.2.1 The climate mainstreaming target 10.2.2 The specific
programme targets 10.3 The EIB becomes the EU's Climate bank Conclusion,
Index