This book suggests studying democracy promotion within the framework of international socialization through the perspectives of the constructivist and rationalist approaches. It argues that for effective democracy promotion, the strategy of conditionality and incentives should be applied, especially in regard to countries with no prior democratic experience. This study analyzes democracy promotion programmes of the European Union, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Council of Europe in Armenia and Georgia and cases of norm transfer initiated by the European Union and North Atlantic Treaty Organization in Hungary, Lithuania and Poland.