Energy problems came to the attention of the world in 1973 as a result of the Arab oil embargo and the actions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Conservation and development of new energy sources or the expansions of existing sources were two major phases of energy programs. Energy conservation was of critical importance to the world; yet despite predictions of severe shortages, conservation attempts had not been entirely successful and great amounts of energy were still wasted. Greater energy efficiency was needed in cars and in electrical and gas equipment. Better insulated home and a general reduction in energy usage was essential. The world had to become less dependent on gas and oil as sources of energy.