The level of some essential and non-essential elements in fresh cow's milk in Ethiopia in general and Sidama Zone in particular remained understudied for longer time. Now, this book will serves as springboard by throwing light on the issue under investigation. This book plays a pivotal role in assessing nutritive values of milk and minerals (Ca, k, Mg, Na, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr and Ni), their deficiencies and the toxicity of Pb and Cd. It is also helpful work to determine the concentration of essential and non-essential metals and their correlation matrices for metals in the fresh cow's milk. Equally important, it is very important scholarly work so as to reveal the daily intake of the metals in milk in the sample sites and comparing with the recommended permissible values. Atsbha Gebreigziabher (M.A.) Debre Markos University Department of History and Heritage Management