The book presents a new philosophical concept alternative to all modern philosophical teachings. It is based on the ideas of ancient hylozoism and universal humanism, as well as on the achievements of modern natural science and humanities. However, a major part of it is devoted to the proof that the principle of additionality is a rule more universal than the so-called laws of dialectics. The latter define mainly thinking processes but have no direct relation to natural phenomena. Evidence is given that the principle of additionality together with the principle of dichotomy, rather than the laws of dialectics formulated by G. Hegel, control the existence and evolution of the universe and earthly organics, human society and consciousness.