Das Buch behandelt ein umfassendes Spektrum an Themen, die unseren derzeitigen Kenntnisstand auf dem Gebiet darlegen, insbesondere die historischen Kenntnisse und Missverständnisse über Motilität; die Evolution der Motilität von Diatomeen (Kieselalgen); die Ökologie und Physiologie von Diatomeen; die Zellbiologie und Biochemie der Motilität von Diatomeen sowie die Anatomie beweglicher Diatomeen; Beobachtungen zum Bewegungsverhalten von Diatomeen; die Konkurrenzfähigkeit von Diatomeen und einzigartige Formen der Motilität von Diatomeen wie bei der Gattung Eunotia; sowie…mehr
Das Buch behandelt ein umfassendes Spektrum an Themen, die unseren derzeitigen Kenntnisstand auf dem Gebiet darlegen, insbesondere die historischen Kenntnisse und Missverständnisse über Motilität; die Evolution der Motilität von Diatomeen (Kieselalgen); die Ökologie und Physiologie von Diatomeen; die Zellbiologie und Biochemie der Motilität von Diatomeen sowie die Anatomie beweglicher Diatomeen; Beobachtungen zum Bewegungsverhalten von Diatomeen; die Konkurrenzfähigkeit von Diatomeen und einzigartige Formen der Motilität von Diatomeen wie bei der Gattung Eunotia; sowie Motilitätsmodelle.
Dieses Werk ist das erste Buch, in dem Informationen rund um die Motilität von Diatomeen zusammengeführt werden und das sich dabei allein diesem Thema widmet. Es wird sowohl der aktuelle Kenntnisstand über die potenziellen Mechanismen und ökologischen Regulatoren der Motilität vermittelt als auch dargestellt, mit Hilfe welcher möglichen Modelle und Ansätze zu erklären ist, wie Diatomeen so unterschiedliche Verhaltensweisen wie tageszeitliche Bewegungen, Anhäufung in Lichtbereichen und Nischenaufteilung an den Tag legen können, um den Erfolg der Art zu steigern. In Anbetracht der Tatsache, dass Diatomeen zu den ökologisch wichtigsten Einzellern in den aquatischen Ökosystemen gehören, hoffen wir, dass dieses Werk als Sprungbrett für die künftige Forschung zur Motilität von Diatomeen dient und dazu beiträgt, noch bessere Lösungen für einige Fragen in Bezug auf die Motilität zu finden.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Stanley Cohn is a Professor Emeritus of Biology at DePaul University, Chicago. His lab has been studying ecological conditions affecting diatom cell movement for over 30 years, focusing on the responses to changes in light, temperature, surface, and other ecological factors. He received the Royal Society of Arts Silver Medal and the DePaul University Excellence in Teaching Award. Kalina Manoylov is professor in Biology at Georgia College and State University and visiting professor at the University of Iowa Lakeside lab. She has a PhD in Zoology and Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior from Michigan State University. She uses algal-community data to understand environmental changes and anthropogenic effects in different aquatic environments. Her area of expertise is algal and diatom taxonomy and algal ecology. She has published more than 30 peer-reviewed articles, half of them with her students. She is the editor for PhytoKeys and Frontiers Plant Science. Richard Gordon's involvement with diatoms goes back to 1970 with his capillarity model for their gliding motility, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.He later worked on a diffusion limited aggregation model for diatom morphogenesis, which led to the first paper ever published on diatom nanotechnology in 1988. He organized the first workshop on diatom nanotech in 2003. His other research is on computed tomography algorithms, HIV/AIDS prevention, and embryogenesis.
Inhaltsangabe
Preface xxvii
1 Some Observations of Movements of Pennate Diatoms in Cultures and Their Possible Interpretation 1 Thomas Harbich
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Kinematics and Analysis of Trajectories in Pennate Diatoms with Almost Straight Raphe along the Apical Axis 3
1.3 Curvature of the Trajectory at the Reversal Points 9
1.4 Movement of Diatoms in and on Biofilms 13
1.5 Movement on the Water Surface 16
1.6 Formation of Flat Colonies in Cymbella lanceolata 23
1.7 Conclusion 29
References 29
2 The Kinematics of Explosively Jerky Diatom Motility: A Natural Example of Active Nanofluidics 33 Ahmet C. Sabuncu, Richard Gordon, Edmond Richer, Kalina M. Manoylov and Ali Beskok
2.1 Introduction 34
2.2 Material and Methods 35
2.2.1 Diatom Preparation 35
2.2.2 Imaging System 35
2.2.3 Sample Preparation 36
2.2.4 Image Processing 36
2.3 Results and Discussion 41
2.3.1 Comparison of Particle Tracking Algorithms 41
2.3.2 Stationary Particles 42
2.3.3 Diatom Centroid Measurements 43
2.3.4 Diatom Orientation Angle Measurements 46
2.3.5 Is Diatom Motion Characterized by a Sequence of Small Explosive Movements? 49
2.3.6 Future Work 50
2.4 Conclusions 51
Appendix 52
References 59
3 Cellular Mechanisms of Raphid Diatom Gliding 65 Yekaterina D. Bedoshvili and Yelena V. Likhoshway
3.1 Introduction 65
3.2 Gliding and Secretion of Mucilage 67
3.3 Cell Mechanisms of Mucilage Secretion 68
3.4 Mechanisms of Gliding Regulation 71
3.5 Conclusions 72
Acknowledgments 72
References 73
4 Motility of Biofilm-Forming Benthic Diatoms 77 Karen Grace Bondoc-Naumovitz and Stanley A. Cohn
4.1 Introduction 77
4.2 General Motility Models and Concepts 86
4.2.1 Adhesion 87
4.2.2 Gliding Motility 89
4.2.3 Motility and Environmental Responsiveness 91
4.3 Light-Directed Vertical Migration 93
4.4 Stimuli-Directed Movement 94
4.4.1 Nutrient Foraging 94
4.4.2 Pheromone-Based Mate-Finding Motility 97
4.4.3 Prioritization Between Co-Occurring Stimuli 99
4.5 Conclusion 99
References 100
5 Photophobic Responses of Diatoms - Motility and Inter-Species Modulation 111 Stanley A. Cohn, Lee Warnick and Blake Timmerman
5.1 Introduction 112
5.2 Types of Observed Photoresponses 112
5.2.1 Light Spot Accumulation 112
5.2.2 High-Intensity Light Responses 114
5.3 Inter-Species Effects of Light Responses 118
5.3.1 Inter-Species Effects on High Irradiance Direction Change Response 119
5.3.2 Inter-Species Effects on Cell Accumulation into Light Spots 123
5.4 Summary 123
References 131
6 Diatom Biofilms: Ecosystem Engineering and Niche Construction 135 David M. Paterson and Julie A. Hope
6.1 Introduction 135
6.1.1 Diatoms: A Brief Portfolio 135
6.1.2 Benthic Diatoms as a Research Challenge 136
6.2 The Microphytobenthos and Epipelic Diatoms 136
1 Some Observations of Movements of Pennate Diatoms in Cultures and Their Possible Interpretation 1 Thomas Harbich
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Kinematics and Analysis of Trajectories in Pennate Diatoms with Almost Straight Raphe along the Apical Axis 3
1.3 Curvature of the Trajectory at the Reversal Points 9
1.4 Movement of Diatoms in and on Biofilms 13
1.5 Movement on the Water Surface 16
1.6 Formation of Flat Colonies in Cymbella lanceolata 23
1.7 Conclusion 29
References 29
2 The Kinematics of Explosively Jerky Diatom Motility: A Natural Example of Active Nanofluidics 33 Ahmet C. Sabuncu, Richard Gordon, Edmond Richer, Kalina M. Manoylov and Ali Beskok
2.1 Introduction 34
2.2 Material and Methods 35
2.2.1 Diatom Preparation 35
2.2.2 Imaging System 35
2.2.3 Sample Preparation 36
2.2.4 Image Processing 36
2.3 Results and Discussion 41
2.3.1 Comparison of Particle Tracking Algorithms 41
2.3.2 Stationary Particles 42
2.3.3 Diatom Centroid Measurements 43
2.3.4 Diatom Orientation Angle Measurements 46
2.3.5 Is Diatom Motion Characterized by a Sequence of Small Explosive Movements? 49
2.3.6 Future Work 50
2.4 Conclusions 51
Appendix 52
References 59
3 Cellular Mechanisms of Raphid Diatom Gliding 65 Yekaterina D. Bedoshvili and Yelena V. Likhoshway
3.1 Introduction 65
3.2 Gliding and Secretion of Mucilage 67
3.3 Cell Mechanisms of Mucilage Secretion 68
3.4 Mechanisms of Gliding Regulation 71
3.5 Conclusions 72
Acknowledgments 72
References 73
4 Motility of Biofilm-Forming Benthic Diatoms 77 Karen Grace Bondoc-Naumovitz and Stanley A. Cohn
4.1 Introduction 77
4.2 General Motility Models and Concepts 86
4.2.1 Adhesion 87
4.2.2 Gliding Motility 89
4.2.3 Motility and Environmental Responsiveness 91
4.3 Light-Directed Vertical Migration 93
4.4 Stimuli-Directed Movement 94
4.4.1 Nutrient Foraging 94
4.4.2 Pheromone-Based Mate-Finding Motility 97
4.4.3 Prioritization Between Co-Occurring Stimuli 99
4.5 Conclusion 99
References 100
5 Photophobic Responses of Diatoms - Motility and Inter-Species Modulation 111 Stanley A. Cohn, Lee Warnick and Blake Timmerman
5.1 Introduction 112
5.2 Types of Observed Photoresponses 112
5.2.1 Light Spot Accumulation 112
5.2.2 High-Intensity Light Responses 114
5.3 Inter-Species Effects of Light Responses 118
5.3.1 Inter-Species Effects on High Irradiance Direction Change Response 119
5.3.2 Inter-Species Effects on Cell Accumulation into Light Spots 123
5.4 Summary 123
References 131
6 Diatom Biofilms: Ecosystem Engineering and Niche Construction 135 David M. Paterson and Julie A. Hope
6.1 Introduction 135
6.1.1 Diatoms: A Brief Portfolio 135
6.1.2 Benthic Diatoms as a Research Challenge 136
6.2 The Microphytobenthos and Epipelic Diatoms 136
6.3 The Ecological Importance of Locomotion 137
6.4 Ecosystem Engineering and Functions 139
6.4.1 Ecosystem Engineering 139
6.4.2 Ecosystem Functioning 140
6.5 Microphytobenthos as Ecosystem Engineers 141
6.5.1 Sediment Stabilization 141
6.5.2 Beyond the Benthos 143
6.5.3 Diatom Architects 144
6.5.4 Working with Others: Combined Effects 14
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