The developed algorithm of endobronchial methods of sanation of purulent-destructive foci in the lungs is presented in this monograph on the basis of the obtained clinical data. The efficacy and necessity of early inclusion of prolonged intraarterial catheter therapy into the complex of treatment measures in patients with acute purulent-destructive pulmonary diseases has been shown and substantiated. The place and possibilities of combined prolonged intraarterial and intravenous catheter therapy have been shown, the optimal scheme of infusates and methods of their administration have been developed. The developed new method of treatment of limited lung gangrene and peripherally located acute purulent lung abscesses is described in detail. The authors will be grateful to all who will consider it possible to send their comments, wishes and suggestions aimed at improving this edition. The monograph is intended for thoracic surgeons and pulmonologists, as well as additional educational literature for masters of thoracic surgery.