This book examines the social roles of disciplinary identity of Technical Communication in its transfer to China from the United States. Locating the current identity of Technical Communication in China through a comparison between the changed social, academic, and economic situations in China, this work reveals how the current disciplinary establishment of translation provides optimal disciplinary base for technical communication in China. Earlier attempts of U.S. technical communication to reach China are reanalyzed to expose both accomplishments and problems in these efforts. It is concluded that the merger of technical communication in the U.S. with translation in China offers a future-oriented perspective of development for the merged discipline to ride more successfully the stablly growing Chinese economic growth.