Short description/annotation Emile Durkheim sets out to introduce students to the field of philosophy. Main description Moving back and forth between the history of philosophy and the contributions of philosophers in his own day, Durkheim takes up topics as diverse as philosophical psychology, logic, ethics, and metaphysics, and seeks to articulate a unified philosophical position. Remarkably, the 'social realism' that is so characteristic of his later work - where he insists, famously, that social facts cannot be reduced to psychological or economic ones, and that such facts…mehr
Short description/annotation Emile Durkheim sets out to introduce students to the field of philosophy.
Main description Moving back and forth between the history of philosophy and the contributions of philosophers in his own day, Durkheim takes up topics as diverse as philosophical psychology, logic, ethics, and metaphysics, and seeks to articulate a unified philosophical position. Remarkably, the 'social realism' that is so characteristic of his later work - where he insists, famously, that social facts cannot be reduced to psychological or economic ones, and that such facts constrain human action in important ways - is totally absent in these early lectures. For this reason, they will be of special interest to students of the history of the social sciences, for they shed important light on the course of Durkheim's intellectual development. Intellectual historians, historically-minded philosophers, and French historians will all find the lectures a valuable historical document. Insofar as they speak to the philosophical foundations of Durkheim's thought, they should also be of great interest to social theorists.
Neil Gross is Assistant Professor of Sociology, University of Southern California. He writes on classical and contemporary sociological theory, as well as the sociology of ideas. His work has appeared in such journals as Theory & Society, American Sociological Review, Sociological Theory, and Annual Review of Sociology. Robert Alun Jones is the author of Emile Durkheim: An Introduction to Four Major Works (1986), The Development of Durkheim's Social Realism (1999), and The Secret of the Totem: Religion and Society in the Works of McLennan, Smith, Frazer, Durkheim, and Freud (forthcoming), as well as numerous essays and journal articles on Durkheim and his contemporaries. He has also been editor of both Études durkheimiennes and Knowledge and Society.
Inhaltsangabe
Foreword Translator's note Acknowledgements Introduction Part I. Preliminary Matters: 1. The object and method of philosophy 2. The object and method of philosophy (conclusion) 3. Science and philosophy 4. The divisions of philosophy Part II. Psychology: 5. The object and method of psychology 6. Faculties of the soul 7. On pleasure and pain 8. The inclinations 9. The emotions and passions 10. Theory of knowledge 11. External perception and its conditions. The senses 12. External perception. The origin of the idea of externality 13. External perception. On the objectivity of the idea of externality. (1) Does the external world exist? 14. External perception. On the objectivity of the idea of externality. (2) On the nature of the external world 15. Consciousness. On the conditions of consciousness 16. Consciousness. On the origin of the idea of the self 17. Consciousness. On the nature of the self 18. Reason. The definition of reason 19. Reason. The material of reason. (1) Principles 20. Reason. The material of reason. (2) Rational or first ideas 21. Reason. Empiricism 22. Reason. Evolutionism. The theory of heredity 23. Reason. On the objectivity of rational principles 24. Faculties of conception. On the association of ideas 25. Faculties of conception. Memory 26. Faculties of conception. Imagination 27. Faculties of conception. Sleep. Dreams. Madness 28. Complex operations of the mind. Attention. Comparison. Abstraction 29. Complex operations of the mind. Generalization. Judgment. Reasoning 30. The object and method of aesthetics 31. What is beauty 32. Prettiness and the sublime. Art 33. On activity in general. Instinct 34. Habit 35. On the will and on freedom 36. On freedom (continued). Psychological determinism 37. On freedom (conclusion). Scientific determinism. Theological fatalism. Part III. Logic: 38. Introduction. On logic 39. On truth. On certainty 40. On certainty (conclusion) 41. On false certainty of error 42. Skepticism 43. Ideas. Terms. Judgments. Propositions 44. Definition 45. On the syllogism 46. On induction 47. Fallacies 48. On method 49. Method in the mathematical sciences 50. The methodology of the physical sciences 51. Method in the natural sciences 52. Method in the moral sciences 53. Method in the historical sciences 54. Language Part IV. Ethics: 55. Definition and divisions of ethics 56. On moral responsibility 57. On moral law. The history of Utilitarianism 58. Critique of Utilitarianism. The morality of sentiment 59. The morality of Kant 60. The moral law 61. On duty and the good. On virtue. Rights 62A. Division of practical ethics 62B. Individual morality 63. Domestic ethics 64. Civic ethics 65. General duties of social life 66. General duties of social life. (1) The duty of justice 67. General duties of social life. (2) Charity 68. Summary of ethics Part V. Metaphysics: 69. Metaphysics. Preliminary considerations 70. On the soul and its existence 71. On the spirituality of the soul (conclusion). On materialism 72. The relationship between the soul and the body 73. On the immortality of the soul 74. On God. Metaphysical proofs of his existence 75. Critique of metaphysical proofs of the existence of God 76. Explanation and critique of the physiotheological proof 77. Critique of the physiotheological proof (conclusion). Moral proofs and the existence of God 78. The nature and attributes of God 79. The relationship between God and the world. Dualism, pantheism, and creation 80. The relationship between God and the world (conclusion). Providence, evil, optimism, and pessimism Appendix: biographical glossary Index.
Foreword Translator's note Acknowledgements Introduction Part I. Preliminary Matters: 1. The object and method of philosophy 2. The object and method of philosophy (conclusion) 3. Science and philosophy 4. The divisions of philosophy Part II. Psychology: 5. The object and method of psychology 6. Faculties of the soul 7. On pleasure and pain 8. The inclinations 9. The emotions and passions 10. Theory of knowledge 11. External perception and its conditions. The senses 12. External perception. The origin of the idea of externality 13. External perception. On the objectivity of the idea of externality. (1) Does the external world exist? 14. External perception. On the objectivity of the idea of externality. (2) On the nature of the external world 15. Consciousness. On the conditions of consciousness 16. Consciousness. On the origin of the idea of the self 17. Consciousness. On the nature of the self 18. Reason. The definition of reason 19. Reason. The material of reason. (1) Principles 20. Reason. The material of reason. (2) Rational or first ideas 21. Reason. Empiricism 22. Reason. Evolutionism. The theory of heredity 23. Reason. On the objectivity of rational principles 24. Faculties of conception. On the association of ideas 25. Faculties of conception. Memory 26. Faculties of conception. Imagination 27. Faculties of conception. Sleep. Dreams. Madness 28. Complex operations of the mind. Attention. Comparison. Abstraction 29. Complex operations of the mind. Generalization. Judgment. Reasoning 30. The object and method of aesthetics 31. What is beauty 32. Prettiness and the sublime. Art 33. On activity in general. Instinct 34. Habit 35. On the will and on freedom 36. On freedom (continued). Psychological determinism 37. On freedom (conclusion). Scientific determinism. Theological fatalism. Part III. Logic: 38. Introduction. On logic 39. On truth. On certainty 40. On certainty (conclusion) 41. On false certainty of error 42. Skepticism 43. Ideas. Terms. Judgments. Propositions 44. Definition 45. On the syllogism 46. On induction 47. Fallacies 48. On method 49. Method in the mathematical sciences 50. The methodology of the physical sciences 51. Method in the natural sciences 52. Method in the moral sciences 53. Method in the historical sciences 54. Language Part IV. Ethics: 55. Definition and divisions of ethics 56. On moral responsibility 57. On moral law. The history of Utilitarianism 58. Critique of Utilitarianism. The morality of sentiment 59. The morality of Kant 60. The moral law 61. On duty and the good. On virtue. Rights 62A. Division of practical ethics 62B. Individual morality 63. Domestic ethics 64. Civic ethics 65. General duties of social life 66. General duties of social life. (1) The duty of justice 67. General duties of social life. (2) Charity 68. Summary of ethics Part V. Metaphysics: 69. Metaphysics. Preliminary considerations 70. On the soul and its existence 71. On the spirituality of the soul (conclusion). On materialism 72. The relationship between the soul and the body 73. On the immortality of the soul 74. On God. Metaphysical proofs of his existence 75. Critique of metaphysical proofs of the existence of God 76. Explanation and critique of the physiotheological proof 77. Critique of the physiotheological proof (conclusion). Moral proofs and the existence of God 78. The nature and attributes of God 79. The relationship between God and the world. Dualism, pantheism, and creation 80. The relationship between God and the world (conclusion). Providence, evil, optimism, and pessimism Appendix: biographical glossary Index.
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