This book addresses importance of nitrogen fertilizer on durum wheat yield and grain end-use quality. A field experiment was conducted near research center in Ethiopia to investigate the effect of different rates of nitrogen on yield, yield related traits and end-use quality of durum wheat cultivars. Phenological development, yield and yield related traits, nitrogen uptake parameters, grain and flour quality parameters such as HLW, TKW, vitreousity, grain protein content, wet and dry gluten, GI, SDS-sedimentation value, Chopin alveograph (W) and yellow pigment were elaborated in this book. Significant variations in all parameters considered were observed among cultivars and nitrogen fertilization. Overall, considering most quality parameters, cultivars Ejersa, Ude and Bekelcha have good potential for pasta making. Considering many quality parameters, most of the cultivars gave desirable grain quality at 69 kg N ha-1 application in the high lands of Ethiopia.