Dynamics of Innovation The Expansion of Technology in Modern Times

Translator's Preface
Introduction

PART ONE

Chapter 1. The Artisanal Mode of Knowledge
Industrial Framework: The World of Trades
Artisanal Knowledge and the Arc of Experience
The Interaction of Trades
Circulation of Knowledge

Chapter 2. From Artisan to Expert
The Appropriation of Artisanal Knowledge
The Role of Writing
Knowledge of Experts

Chapter 3. Formalized Knowledge
The Professional Engineer
The Industrial Enterprise
Science and Utility: The Other Revolution
Practice and Theory

Chapter 4. Technological Adventures
The Production of Energy
The Mechanization of Industry
Birth of the Mechanical Industry
The Chemical Industry

PART TWO

Chapter 5. Industrial Logic and the Dynamics of Knowledge
Entrepreneurs and Enterprises
Artisanal Trades and the Formalization of Knowledge
Engineers and Engineering
Three Examples of Engineering Science
Science, the Universities, and the State

Chapter 6. Steam Engines
Domination of Empirical Knowledge Before 1850
The Birth of Thermodynamics
Experimental Thermodynamics
The Conquest of Great Efficiency
The End of an Era

Chapter 7. The Chemical Industry
Organic Chemistry and the Dye Industry before 1900
Physical Chemistry and the Second Industrial Revolution
Macromolecular Chemistry and Vertical Integration
Summing Up Chemistry

PART THREE

Chapter 8. Technological Interdependence and Consumer Needs
Iron Metallurgy in France in the Nineteenth Century
Generalizing the Model

Chapter 9. Strategies and Social Networks
Global Communities: Gas, Electricity, Automobiles
Social Groups
Enterprises and Networks
The Pillars of Innovation
Local Productive Systems

PART FOUR

Chapter 10. From Early Modern Times to the 1880s
The English Model
The Rise of Mass Civilization in Paris, 1830-1880

Chapter 11. Technological Networks and Communications
French Railways: Rationalization and Cybernetics
Interconnections: Networks of Electricity
Mass Consumption
Mass Production
The Rise of Communications
Telecommunications
The Birth of a Communications Society

Chapter 12. From Microprocessors to the Internet
Flexible Production
Telecommunications
Information and Audiovisual Technologies
Computer Networks and the Birth of the Internet
Communications of a Large Network: the SNCF
The Social Life of Networks, 1995-2008

Chapter 13. Information Technology and Society
Enterprises
Objects of Daily Life
The Era of the Internet and Cellular Phones
The Nature of Messages
Social Connections
The Unforeseen Outcome

Conclusion

Bibliography
Name Index