The aim of this study is to analyse the main schools or currents of economic thought that have reflected on technological change from the perspective of development. Documentary review was used as a methodological tool. It is pointed out that the economics of technological change studied from different schools or currents of economic thought allows, on the one hand, to observe the variety and richness of the arguments, although on the other hand, it expresses the complexity of Economic Science itself and in particular of the technological phenomenon. It is concluded that the discursive practices of the currents of economic thought on technological change analysed are influenced by the development perspective, i.e. by the level of development reached by the countries to which these currents belong and the authors who promote them.