The support of parents is a real support for the smooth running of the education system. In order to improve school results, which are below expectations in Burkina Faso, parents must be approached to understand the role of the mother in school learning, especially if she is illiterate. Our present research focuses on "the strategies of illiterate mothers to accompany their children towards academic success".The general objective of our research was to analyze the tasks that illiterate mothers perform despite their illiteracy to guide their children towards academic success. We assumed that the strategies used by the illiterate mother have a positive impact on her child's academic success. To test our hypotheses, we opted for a qualitative approach supported by quantitative data. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires with children, teachers and illiterate mothers were used.